Mayer, Melissa. "Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough & Smooth): Structure & Function (With Diagram)"sciencing.com, https://www.sciencing.com/endoplasmic-reticulum-rough-smooth-structure-function-with-diagram-13717290/. 15 March 2019. APA Mayer, Melissa. (2019, March 15). Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough &...
Learn about the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), one of the organelles found in the cytoplasm of a cell. Discover the two types of endoplasmic...
Endoplasmic reticulum stress may be intertwined with a molecular cascade of responses such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, autophagy, and cell death, which together influence the progression of traumatic brain injury. Moderate endoplasmic reticulum stress can be protective, ...
Endoplasmic Reticulum is a network of membranous tubules present within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell. There are two regions and they differ in both structure and its function.
Figure 1. Diagram showing the role of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP) in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen processing and presentation. Exogenous proteins are digested into smaller peptides by the proteasome in the cytoplasm. These peptides are then translocated into the...
Fig. 8: Schematic diagram of anlotinib-induced apoptosis in PC cells. Anlotinib increases ROS, causing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Thus, apoptosis-related proteins promote apoptosis of the cells. Moreover, PERK activates Nrf2, which inhibits the production of ROS. ...
ER, endoplasmic reticulum; BH, BCL-2 homology; BIK, BCL-2 interacting killer; MAM, mitochondria-associated ER membrane; MBR, membrane-binding region; MIM, mitochondrial inner membrane; MOM, mitochondrial outer membrane. The prediction largely agrees with that originally published by McDonnell et al...
To verify the RNA-seq data and that the depletion of APOL1 affected endoplasmic reticulum homoeostasis in the renal cancer cell lines 786-O and A498, we detected UPR-related gene and obtained the similar results (Fig. 6D and E). We also found that APOL1 and ER Tracker fluorescence were...
The ER is an important organelle for protein synthesis, folding, and secretion in eukaryotic cells. ER stress is a kind of cellular stress state caused by protein folding dysfunction of the endoplasmic reticulum that is induced endogenously or exogenously. The expression of ER stress markers, includ...
Hrd1 is the core structural component of a large endoplasmic reticulum membrane-embedded protein complex that coordinates the destruction of folding-defective proteins in the early secretory pathway. Defining the composition, dynamics, and ultimately, the structure of the Hrd1 complex is a crucial ...