How does the primary transcript (pre-mRNA) in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell compare to the functional mRNA?mRNA ModificationsWhile an mRNA is created in the process of transcription, the directly transcribed product of a gene is not the final product...
DNA transcription is a process of synthesizing RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules from DNA molecules. There are 3 common types of RNA usually found in the body. These are the transfer RNA (tRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Each type of RNA has its own distinct function...
Many proteins that undergo transport through the secretory pathway have signal peptides of 15–35 aa. length located predominantly at their N-termini. They are often cleaved by various proteases during their subcellular transport. This results in the matur...
translation, in biological terms, is the conversion of that message into purposeful action. A length of DNA or single DNA message, called agene, ultimately results in cells manufacturing a unique protein product. The DNA ships this message along in the form of mRNA, which then carries the ...
Many proteins that undergo transport through the secretory pathway have signal peptides of 15–35 aa. length located predominantly at their N-termini. They are often cleaved by various proteases during their subcellular transport. This results in the matu...
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common cause of low back pain in diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) patients. Its pathogenesis and the vitamin (vit.) K2 influence on this disease remain unclear. Lumbar motion segments of male Zucker Diabetes Fat
Transcription factors present in the cellular microenvironment repress genes responsible for the adhesion of epithelial cells, resulting in the loss of polarity in epithelial cells, remodeling of the cytoskeleton, and replacement of cytokeratin by vimentin [1,2]. This leads to the transformation of adh...
CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and Cas9:CRISPR DNA serves as a permanent record of past infections, but for bacteria to use these sequences to thwart viruses, they must convert them into DNA's cousin,RNA. Through a process called transcription, bacteria first copy one of the two CRISPR DNA strands int...
mRNA analysis has revealed a higher IDO1 mRNA expression in female than male BM-MSCs. In addition, female BM-MSCs exhibited a better immunosuppressive ability against T cell proliferation than male BM-MSCs. This suppression is suggested to be mediated by IDO1 [25]. On the contrary, a study...
(30-1020; VWR International, Radnor, PA, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Reverse transcription of 2 µg total RNA into cDNA was performed with random primers using the High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit (4374966; Thermo Fisher Scientific). Quantitative Real-Time ...