The present findings strongly confirm the stimulatory role of aetylcholine on GH secretion in man, showing that indirect acetylcholine receptor agonists stimulate GH secretion, while the muscarinic M3 agonist bethanechol does not. The results exclude that cholinergic stimulation of GH secretion is ...
This article, based on original data as well as on previously reported preclinical and clinical data that are reviewed, describes direct and indirect interactions of the D3receptor withN-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA) signaling and their functional consequences and therapeutic implications for schiz...
This strongly suggests that activity of an indirect septo-hippocampal pathway induces hippocampal theta oscillations via an intraseptal relay. Furthermore, cholinergic neurons depolarized parvalbumin-positive (PV) GABAergic neurons within the MSvDB , and optogenetic activation of these fast spiking neurons...
Intoxication by various cholinergic agents can cause spasms of the GI tract. The model for this disorder is aganglionic megacolon of piebald mice. In these animals, the terminal segment of the large intestine lacks inhibitory neurons. Inflammatory Response Because of the high number of bacte...
It is important to note that the dividing line between direct and indirect effects is tenuous and somewhat vague. Its fragility is reinforced by the relative scarcity of existing data that provides conclusive evidence for delineating the two. This notion implies the need for additional preclinical an...
123. Isbil-Buyukcoskun N, Gulec G: Effects of intracerebroventricularly injected glucagon-like peptide-1 on cardiovascular parameters; role of central cholinergic system and vasopressin. Regulatory peptides 2004, 118(1–2):33–38. 124. Gutzwiller JP, Tschopp S, Bock A, Zehnder CE, Huber AR...
(sub-thalamic nucleus), FS (fast-spiking interneuron), LC (large cholinergic interneuron). 3 Note it is not the evolution of the D1DRs and D2DRs of interest here. Rather, it is the evolution of the two striatal pathways expressing the different dopamine receptors (direct and indirect pathway...
The anti-cholinergic class comprises a wide range of therapeutic drug categories including antidepressants, antipsychotics or neuroleptics, anti-Parkinson's, H1 antihistamines, decongestants and antispasmodics. Additionally, adrenergic agents, including both beta-blockers and alpha agonists, elicit changes ...
Dannenberg H, Pabst M, Braganza O, Schoch S, Niediek J, Bayraktar M, Mormann F, Beck H. Synergy of direct and indirect cholinergic septo- hippocampal pathways coordinates firing in hippocampal networks. J Neu- rosci 35: 8394 - 8410, 2015....
Knowing that direct pathway striatonigral neurons express D1 dopamine receptors, while indirect pathway striatopallidal neurons express D2 dopamine receptors, we could assume that this imbalance between D1 and D2 protein expression favors the CPu indirect vs the direct output pathway. However, ...