We delineate a few of the myriad of techniques used to repair some of the common cerebral spinal fluid leaks encountered by the practicing rhinologist.doi:10.1016/j.otot.2014.02.009Anstead, Amy S.Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, ...
Cerebral-spinal fluid (CSF) studies are usually conducted to calculate the CNS exposure of drug candidates[204]. An animal study showed that baicalin could cross the BBB and was detected in the CSF after single intravenous injection at a dosage of 24 mg/kg[207]. CGA was also detected in ...
Glycine,although an inhibitory neurotransmitter in spinal cord, appears to potentiate the action of glutamate at the NMDA receptor in brain. Thus, glutamate secretion from the nerve terminal into the synapticcleft leads ultimately to Ca++entry into adjacent neurons by a sequential mechanism initiated ...
CSF enters the periarterial space and, driven by arterial pulsations, enters the brain parenchyma to exchange with the interstitial fluid (ISF). Bulk flow of CSF/ISF, containing extracellular molecules such as Aβ, are then driven to perivenous spaces for recirculation...
American Journal of RhinologyMarks, S.C. (1998) Middle turbinate graft for repair of cerebral spinal fluid leaks. Am J Rhinol 12: pp. 417-419Marks SC (1998) Middle turbinate graft for repair of cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Am J Rhinol 12:417–419...
Wong AP, Shih P, Smith TR, Slimack NP, Dahdaleh NS, Aoun SG, et al: Comparison of symptomatic cerebral spinal fluid leak between patients undergoing minimally invasive versus open lumbar foraminotomy, discectomy, or laminec- tomy. World Neurosurg 81:634-640, 2014,...
doi:10.1159/000070918Gacek, Richard R.Gacek, Mark R.S. Karger AGOto-Rhino-Laryngologia NovaGacek RR, Gacek MR. The diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous cerebral spinal fluid otorrhoea in the adult. Oto Rhino Laryngologia Nova. 2003; 12: 91-96....
Perhaps, Sema3A interacts with different receptor complexes to discretely impact neurons and the vasculature.Indeed, studies showed that the cellular target of Sema3A is very selective, as it only inhibits the outgrowth of a specific set of neurons such as spinal motor neurons and neurons in the...
[13]. Found in many natural body fluids, such as blood, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) [14], semen, saliva, plasma, serum, and bronchial fluid [15], exosomes have been shown to be secreted by almost all cell types [16]. In recent years, exosomes have gained extensive attention for ...