The infiltration of plasma cells into the tumor suggests the activation of the immune system and the antitumor state in NSCLC [36]. High levels of B cells and/or plasma cell infiltration into the tumor are associated with increased aggressiveness of bladder cancer [37]. However, the ...
在实验中,这种识别可能导致抗体的Fc段与细胞表面的FcR发生非特异性结合,进而产生背景噪音,甚至是假阳性信号。 Fig 1.Diagram showing the interaction of IgG with various receptors 准确区分阳性和阴性细胞在细胞实验中至关重要。尽管阳性细胞依赖于抗体的特异性结合,但大多数免疫细胞(如巨噬细胞、单核细胞和中性粒...
Immune system - Interferons, Antibodies, Cells: Another group of proteins that provide protection are the interferons, which inhibit the replication of many—but not all—viruses. Cells that have been infected with a virus produce interferon, which sends
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Cavernous malformations (CMs) invading the central nervous system occur in ~0.16–0.4% of the general population, often resulting in hemorrhages and focal neurological deficits. Further understanding of disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies requi
Tuberculosis is a serious global health burden, resulting in millions of deaths each year. Several circulating cell subsets in the peripheral blood are known to modulate the host immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection in different
The B cells of the immune system in COVID-19 patients were fully fighting the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The key characteristics of B cells were effective at neutralizing, or inactivating, the SARS-CoV-2 virus and related coronaviruses [24]. In order to better study B cells, we performed cell ...
Schematic diagram of the intravital imaging protocol.b, Representative flow cytometry profiles of MZ B cells among GFP+B cells 8–12 weeks after reconstitution.c, A representative flow cytometry profile of PKH26-labeled RBCs in total splenic RBCs.d, Representative distribution patterns of PKH26-labe...
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe autoimmune neuropsychiatric disease. Brain access of anti-NMDAR autoantibody through the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is essential for pathogenesis. Most previous animal models limit the i
Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3B (APOBEC3B, herein termed A3B) belongs to the cytidine deaminase APOBEC3 family, which can cause the accumulation of cytosine-to-thymine (C-to-T) mutations in DNA and induce genome instability [1]. Thus, A3B activation usually leads to...