This review considers recent advances in our understanding of how C-type lectins in the immune system work, with an emphasis on summarizing the currently available structural information and defining the areas where functional and mechanistic information is still outstanding. Structures of C-type lectins...
The human immune system is composed of a distributed network of cells circulating throughout the body, which must dynamically form physical associations and communicate using interactions between their cell-surface proteomes1. Despite their therapeutic potential2, our map of these surface interactions rem...
The mucosal immune system is the largest lymphoid organ in the body, and comprises organized lymphoid structures and a densely packed population of resident immune cells found in the epithelium and underlying lamina propria. From:Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America,2016 ...
induced by protective maternal antibodies, to the competence of a fully functioning immune system. The inflammatory capability of both maternal and neonatal antibodies is governed by N-linked glycosylation of the Fc region, and though this has ...
structures 30 The next 3 slides show the relationship between the capillary beds and the lymph vessels 31 32 Lymph fluid is returned to blood at shoulder ducts Diagram of lymphatic system 33 Remember – the lymph system is closely tied to the circulatory system ...
An infection may be intracellular or extracellular, depending on the pathogen. All viruses infect cells and replicate within those cells (intracellularly), whereas bacteria and other parasites may replicate intracellularly or extracellularly, depending on the species. The innate immune system must respond...
effective manner [2]. We next explored the interaction between the CNS and the peripheral immune system after injury. Peripheral immune responses induced by stroke (Fig.1) Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of peripheral immune responses induced by hemorrhagic stroke ...
1. The immune system has two levels of immunity – innate and adaptive. The two differs in the components and mechanisms by which they provide protection to the body.2. Innate immunity is provided by structures and cells that exist naturally in our bodies. This form of immunity is NONSPECIFIC...
memory cells (Hakim and Gress,2007), whereas nonclassical monocytes (MCs) with high levels of plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-8 accumulate with age (Ong et al.,2018). In addition, senescence of the immune system in the elderly has been termed “inflammaging”, ...
Despite recent rapid advancements in the field of cell encapsulation to protect cells from the effector arm of the host immune system, a streamlined cell-laden device that allows for printing of cells under mild conditions and combines this with inclusion of polymers with high biocompatibility is st...