However, it is not clear whether this injury is caused by reduced cerebral oxygen delivery or inflammatory pathways independent of hypoxia. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects on the fetal brain and placenta of a chronic intrauterine inflammatory s...
In this report, we demonstrate that loss of one functional Atp13a2 allele leads to both microgliosis and astrocytosis in multiple brain regions compared to age-matched controls; however, levels of lipofuscin were only modestly elevated in the cortex of heterozygous Atp13a2 knockout mice over ...
Previous studies reported that the polycomb group gene Bmi-1 is downregulated in the aging brain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether decreased Bmi-1 expression accelerates brain aging by analyzing the brain phenotype of adult Bmi-1 heterozygous knockout (Bmi-1 +/ ) mice. An 8...
in severe EV71 infection, we treated the EV71-infected mice with an antibody against IL-12p40 and found the mortality rate, brainstem inflammation, and gliosis to be markedly reduced, suggesting that the acute IL-12p40 response plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of brainstem encephalitis...
The dietary consumption of cuprizone – a copper chelator – has long been known to induce demyelination of specific brain structures and is widely used as model of multiple sclerosis. Despite the extensive use of cuprizone, the mechanism by which it induces demyelination are still unknown. With...
Although IgGAQP4 + Chu also caused edema at 24 hours, at seven days there was marked leukocyte infiltration and by two weeks reactive gliosis (Figure 1A). IgGMOG + Chu caused loss of Luxol Fast Blue (LFB) staining at 24 hours, but this had reversed by two weeks, while the IgGAQP4 ...
Furin is a pro-protein convertase that moves between the trans-Golgi network and cell surface in the secretory pathway. We have previously reported that cerebral overexpression of furin promotes cognitive functions in mice. Here, by generating the brain-specific furin conditional knockout (cKO) mice...
During brain development, neural stem cells (NSCs) or progenitors generate neuroblasts and glioblasts, which differentiate into neurons and glial cells, such as astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, respectively9–11. The timing of these cell generation processes is important in the construction of normal ...
As expected, the product of the HTRA2 transgene was only expressed in the brain but was not detected in other tissues (e.g. liver, spleen, or thymus) of WT transgenic ( þ / þ ;Tg) or rescued mnd2 mice (Figures 1a and b). Remarkably, although the rescued mnd2 mice carry the...
"If gluten led to hypothalamic inflammation in humans and therefore brain damage, it can be bad in the long run, such as increase inbody weightand impaired blood sugar regulation. If these effects became persistent they might exacerbate the risk of e.g. impaired memory function which is linked...