Cathepsin-D is ubiquitously distributed in lysosomes. It was considered for a long time that the main function of cathepsin-D was to degrade proteins in lysosomes at an acidic pH. Apart from its function in general protein turnover, cathepsin-D can also activate precursors of biologically active...
[12]. The processing of the inactive proenzyme into a catalytically activeenzymeusually occurs within the lysosome[13]. Therefore, when released from the lysosome, cathepsins are fully active and do not require any further conformational change. Most of the cathepsins areendopeptidases, with the ...
In order to further confirm a link between lysosomal degradation and the increase in UPA, we used chloroquine (CQ) as endo/lysosome inhibitor. Both Pepstatin A and CQ had similar effects in vitro, increasing the active extracellular UPA (Fig. 8E). In addition, CQ administration in the UUO ...
and/or lysosome-mediated autophagic pathways[2]. The UPS degrades short-lived, misfolded and/or damaged proteins via an ubiquitin-dependent signaling pathway. Macroautophagy is initiated by de novo synthesis of double membrane vesicles in the cytoplasm. These vesicles encircle...
An alternative explanation to the co-precipitation suggests that a subpopulation of CTSB molecules, which functions away from the lysosome, interact with the mitochondria to suppress proteostasis. While this study supports the idea that CTSB inhibitors can be used as components of future therapeutic ...
Cellular Location:Lysosome. Melanosome. Secreted > Extracellular space. Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV. In aortic samples, detected as an extracellular protein loosely bound to the matrix (PubMed:20551380). ...
(c, bottom) and quantification of SG1 cellular CatD inhibition (red,d) compared with inhibition of the purified protein (black,d). (e) Live ARPE-19 cells pretreated with lysosome-neutralizing agent NH4Cl (10 mM, 2 h) or V-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1, 400 nM, 4 ...
Their maturation involves proteolytic processing and modification of the oligosaccharides, processes that occur during their trafficking to the lysosome and that affect their ability to bind to receptors that target them to the lysosomes [5–7]. As indicated earlier, the cathepsins are primarily ...
The Lysosome-associated Apoptosis-inducing Protein Containing the Pleckstrin Homology (PH) and FYVE Domains (LAPF), Representative of a Novel Family of PH ... Lysosomes have recently been identified as important apoptotic signal integrators in response to various stimuli. Here we report the functional...
of cathepsin B and D as well as cathepsin B/L activity in the cytosol in a Bax/Bak-dependent manner, although the release is not complete data show that even though Bax and Bak are required for LMP, this probably does not occur by a direct action of Bax or Bak at the lysosome. LMP...