Estrogen dependence is major driver of ER+breast cancer, which is associated with PI3K mutation. PI3K inhibition (PI3Ki) can restore dependence on ER signaling for some hormone therapy-resistant ER+breast cancers, but is ineffective in others. Here we show that short-term supplementation with ...
The lower levels of estrophilin needed for premenopausal women are thought to be due to the fact that these patients are producing more endogenous estrogen that masks part of the receptor present in the cytosol and also has caused some of it to have moved to the tumor cell nuclei. Of the...
Although gynecologic cancers have long been recognized to be caused by abnormal estrogen pathway activity, the effectiveness of endocrine therapy for gynecologic cancers other than breast cancer is still controversial, and biomarkers for precision treatment of them are needed [12]. In a retrospective ...
Mechanisms of SPC occurrence and future research directions. SPC mechanisms include genomic changes caused by treatment for FPC, cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) induced by chemotherapy, first primary cancer (FPC)-induced immunosuppression, abnormal gene methylation, signaling pathway activation, and FPC-...
A team of scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, found that for 4% of patients, mutations in the estrogen receptor gene (ESR1) called F404, when combined with specific pre-existing mutations, caused overt resistance tofulvestranthormone therapy. ...
These discrepancies as well as differences caused by the tumor itself may also account for variations in the literature regarding the prognostic impact of PD-L1 expression [28]. For instance, Zhang et al. examined patients with endometrial cancer and found improved overall survival in those with ...
Changes in lipid metabolism contribute to malignant transformation by promoting the “hallmarks of cancer”, and such metabolic changes can be caused by e.g. elevated cholesterol levels and obesity [1,2]. Obesity and dysregulated lipid homeostasis are connected to increased risk of breast cancer and...
Autophagy, an essential antioxidant pathway in cells, is able to alleviate the damage caused by oxidative stress. Mitophagy reduces the production of ROS in cells by removing damaged mitochondria [161]. TRPM2 channels and their isoforms coordinate both autophagy and oxidative stress processes in neuro...
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of cancer, caused by persistent errors in chromosome segregation during mitosis. Aggressive cancers like high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have a high frequency of CIN and TP53 mutations. Here, we show th...
Cancer is a public health problem occupying the first and second place in number of deaths in developed and developing countries, respectively. Since the last century, the relationship between infection and cancer has been established in animals and more