See also:but,for McGraw-Hill Dictionary of American Idioms and Phrasal Verbs. © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. but for Except for, were it not for. For example,But for the afternoon shower, it was a perfect day, orBut for the children, they would have gotten a divorce lon...
Thus, after the Civil Rights Act of 1991 became law, individuals could attempt to prove they were discriminated against because of their sex, for example, or they could prove a lesser level of causation—for example, that their sex was a motivating factor for the challenged decision, even if...
In fact, a study in the British Medical Journal foun d that many of the exaggerations(夸大的说法)that later made it into health reports originate d from a press release, Over a thir d of the press releases, for example, made exaggerate d claims of the impact of the research for humans...
Looking Ahead:The Eighth Circuit's decision marks the first time a federal appellate court has construed § 1320a-7b(g) to require but-for causation and will prove helpful to defendants in AKS-based FCA suits. But other courts, including the Third Circuit, have understood § 1320a-7b(g) ...
Does Correlation Alone Suffice With No Concern for Causation? The authors introduce one of their strangest claims in the following sentence: The ideal of identifying causal mechanisms is a self-congratulatory illusion; big data overturns this.(p. 18) ...
We can only understand why we should make this requirement by presupposing the notion of real causation. The second reason is the primary one. In practice, there will always be many correlations between the O + A-system and environment. For example, in the case of an experiment that ...
causation is driving the results. It may be that happier women preferentially move to male-biased areas, or conversely that less happy women move to female biased areas. It is hard to see why this would be the case, but not impossible, so a definitive mechanism for these results is ...
Here, we report an instance of correlation not leading to causation, in that elevated H1x protein levels in the vHipp were associated with the stress-susceptible phenotype, but not causal in modulating any stress-related behaviors. We selected HSV viral vectors, a specific neurotrophic vector [37...
(CNS) pathology partly explains why microglia adopt an activated phenotype in many neurodegenerative diseases2,3. Genomic, ex vivo and preclinical data imply that microglial activation also may contribute to neurodegeneration4, for example, by releasing inflammatory molecules in response to infectious or...
1032 For example, metabolic activation may involve the formation of a reactive sulphonium ion from a sulphoxide reaction mediated by the cytochrome P450 system.1033 Damage to mitochondrial DNA has recently been suggested as a contributing mechanism of injury.1034 A hint of its hepatotoxic potential...