GLP-2 Bone remodeling Bone strength Bone composition Infrared imaging 1. Introduction Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture (Am....
Unique to the skeleton is the ability to self-repair and minimize the risk of fatigue damage. The process is known as either bone turnover or bone remodeling. Once peak adult bone mass has been attained, maintenance is achieved by removal of old bone (bone resorption) and replacement at ...
Furthermore, published reports have shown that sEVs are exchanged mainly among osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes and their precursors in bone remodeling; the role of sEVs released by distant cells, such as neurons in this process is unclear33,34,35,36,37. Here we demonstrated that miR...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common debilitating disease, a leading cause of disability, and is characterized by chronic pain and whole arthropathies such as articular cartilage damage, synovitis, subchondral bone remodeling and osteophyte formation.1,2,3The prevalence of OA is increasing steadily...
is the end-stage response of the inflammatory and wound healing responses following implantation of any medical device or biomaterial [23]. The IM is a vascularized collagen-based matrix entrapping immune cells (macrophages, lymphocytes), as well as bone-remodeling osteoclasts and osteoprogenitor cells...
Autoclaving excised bone tumours as a method of eradicating the neoplastic cells has been described but has the great disadvantage of causing a marked deterioration in the biological and biomechanical properties of the resected bone [33] The effect of these methods of sterilization on its osteoconduct...
Energy medicine is described in a recent medical journal as, “…a field of complementary therapy based on the interactions of the human energy field with other energy fields (human or other).” Interestingly enough, pulsing electromagnetic field therapy is a form of energy medicine that has been...
As already described in the first part of this article, qualitative interpretation of IHC data is commonly used among scientists. In addition to the description of the evaluated parameters scientists may use qualitative scoring systems to interpret received data, usually the force of IHC staining in...
(activity of extracellular matrix-catabolic enzymes, such as matrix metalloproteinases and collagenases, which is upregulated in osteoarthritis). Subchondral bone remodeling is another key characteristic of osteoarthritis. The release of various mediators and the increase in bone resorption are driven by ...
Bone quality refers to the process of bone turnover, or the dynamic nature of bone remodeling with osteoclasts breaking down bone (also known as bone resorption) and osteoblasts establishing a new matrix, or the osteoid, in the process of bone formation. ...