R. M. AUTYJohn Wiley & Sons, LtdTijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografieAuty, R.M., 1987: Backward versus forward integration in resource-based industries: Malaysia and Indonesia. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie , 78 (2): 82–93....
Backward Integration vs. Forward Integration The other type of vertical integration is “forward integration”, which describes companies moving closer to the end customers. Backward Integration→ The company moves upstream and acquires suppliers or manufacturers of the product that the company sells. For...
必应词典为您提供Forward-and-backward-integration的释义,网络释义: 向前一体化;向后或是向前一体化;前后向关联;
Forward integration extends a manufacturers control on retailing. On the other hand the backward integration allows the manufacturer to exert more control on the supplies so that it will have a direct impact on raw material inventory and its quality. The process of these two situations and their ...
Backward Integration vs. Forward Integration While backward integration is the merging and acquisition of companies in the upper side of the supply chain, forward integration is the acquisition of companies on the lower part of the supply chain. In forward integration, the company is interested in ...
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A、horizontal integration 横向一体化 B、concentration 专一化 C、forward integration 前向一体化 D、backward integration 后向一体化 AI智答 联系客服周一至周五 08:30-18:00 剩余次数:0 Hello, 有问题你_
aFirst, the innovation must close the contested horizontal market place to the innovator’s current or potential direct competitors and, second, it must ensure that there is no threat of forward or backward integration from customers or suppliers. Finally, the innovation should not take place withi...
摘要: We define three types of non causal stochastic integrals: forward, backward and symmetric. Our approach consists in approximating the integrator. Two optics are considered: the first one is based on traditional usual stochastic calculus and the second one on Wiener distributions.关键词:...
Backward Integration vs. Forward Integration Forward integrationis also a type of vertical integration, which involves the purchase or control of a company's distributors. An example of forward integration might be a clothing manufacturer that typically sells its clothes to retail department stores; ins...