16 downregulated), while 9427 genes were expressed in the spinal cord, and 1686 genes (870 upregulated, 816 downregulated) were dysregulated in the spinal cord. Dysregulated genes from these AD animal models were compared with our human reactive astrocyte transcriptome ...
The central contribution of neuroglia to neuropathology was already recognised by Rudolf Virchow, who considered the ‘interstitial tissue(i.e. neuroglia)of the brain and spinal marrow is one of the most frequent seats of morbid change’10cited from an English edition.11This view on a primary ...
163, 164 No change in the number of astroglial profiles was found in the primary visual cortex of old rhesus monkeys165; similarly, the quantity of astrocytes in the human neocortex did not change with age.166 Significant increase in GFAP expression and astroglial hypertrophy was detected in the...
Phagocytic capacity of adult human astrocytes in culturedoi:10.1016/0165-5728(94)90344-1Corline J.A. De GrootR.G.V. SmoldersP.v.d. ValkJournal of Neuroimmunology
Therefore, any change in astrocyte number and/or function could contribute to the impairment of connectivity that has been reported in ASD. Data available to date is scarce but indicates that while the number of astrocytes is reduced, their state of activation and their GFAP expression is ...
[12]Pathological astrocytes change their appearance depending on how much time has elapsed since the initial injury. Acutely, reactive astrocytes synthesize more glycogen granules and mitochondria, become more fibrous as they form more intermediate filaments in their cytoplasm, and have more compacted ...
Given the central role of mitochondria in ATP production and the results of our RNA-seq analysis, we investigated whether an increase in functional mitochondria through transfer causes a measurable change in metabolic parameters, in particular oxygen consumption rate. We performed a mitochondrial stress...
Despite their roles in homeostasis, following noxious stimulation and nerve injury, the phenotype, functions, and gene expression of astrocytes can elicit a significant change in the form of reactive astrogliosis [72]. The conversion of astrocytes from normal to reactive phenotypes encompasses a variety...
In AD, this change appears to encompass alterations in morphology and/or biochemical properties, rather than an increase in the number of astrocytes, per se (Serrano-Pozo et al., 2013). As astrocytes exhibit substantial heterogeneity depending on brain region and local interacting partners (e.g....
A short-term exposure to ketamine (30 min) thus resulted in a visible change in astroglial membrane structure (Lasic et al., 2019) as suggested by increased D4-positive domain density (Fig. 3), whereas results gathered from earlier in vitro studies demonstrated that soluble and contact-...