Conversely, while OA exposure similarly induced apoptosis, its effects are comparatively subdued and are predominantly mediated through the intrinsic pathway. Additionally, the synergistic effects of AM and OA
Apoptosis as a conserved pathway Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic pathway of apoptosis? There are at least two broad signaling pathways that lead to apoptosis: the intrinsic pa...
cell 116.4 (2004): 491-497.[2] Hongmei, Zhao. "Extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signal pathway review." Apoptosis and medicine. InTechOpen, 2012.[3] Xiong, Shunbin, et al. "Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in mammals." Protein & cell 5.10 (2014): 737-749....
但细胞凋亡通路有所不同,信号既可以来自胞外信号分子的触发,对应的过程称为外部信号通路(extrinsic signal pathway,见下图)。凋亡信号也可以直接来自胞内分子,包括氧化应激、细胞色素C、DNA损伤和内质网应激信号(ER stress),这些相关的过程称为内部信号通路(Intrinsic signal pathway,见下图标注)。这些凋亡信号很多也会一...
Intrinsic mechanismsinvolve mitochondrialinjurywith release of proapoptotic factors. Activators of the latter pathway includeoxidative stress, DNA damage, toxins,endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress, including theunfolded protein response,lipidperoxidation, ultraviolet and γ-irradiation, and deprivation of growth ...
It's totally different from the extracellular signals, which are usually generated by cytotoxic cells of the immune system and trigger apoptosis mainly through the extrinsic pathway. Figure 1. Difference between extrinsic pathway and intrinsic pathway. Process and Regulation of Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway...
Targeting the extrinsic apoptosis pathway in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2008;19:325–31. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Li H, Zhu H, Xu C-j, Yuan J. Cleavage of BID by caspase 8 mediates the mitochondrial damage in the Fas pathway of apoptosis. Cell. 1998;94:491–501. ...
Intrinsic apoptosis of mitochondrial pathway: DNA damage, growth factor deficiency, ROS and other endogenous stress cause the Bad/Bak proteins (respectively pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family) to form a complex, which is inserted into the mitochondrial outer membrane, changes the permeability...
The initiation of apoptosis is tightly regulated by activation mechanisms, because once apoptosis has begun, it inevitably leads to the death of the cell.The two best-understood activation mechanisms are the intrinsic pathway (also called th...
Finally, BID is a unique example of a BH3 only protein linking extrinsic apoptotic cues to the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. This function of BID is mediated by caspase 8-mediated BID cleavage, its localisation to mitochondria and interaction with CL to promote BAX and BAK pore formation [72,...