e-f, Splenic antigen-presenting cells (APCs: DCs or B cells) were sort-purified from steady state (e) or CFA-treated mice (f, d10) and co-cultured with 2D2 T cells previously stained with violet cell trace violet. Groups included 2D2 T cells alone (no APC), 2D2 T cells plus ...
However, it has been unclear whether GSK-3 can affect the motility of T-cells and their interactions with antigen presenting cells. Results: Here, we show that GSK-3 controls T-cell motility and interactions with other cells. Inhibition of GSK-3, using structurally distinct inhibitors, reduced...
Antiviral CD8+ T cell immunity depends on the integration of various contextual cues, but how antigen-presenting cells (APCs) consolidate these signals for decoding by T cells remains unclear. Here, we describe gradual interferon-α/interferon-β (IFNα/
Due to the presence of T cell exhaustion and peripheral tolerance, CAR-T cells exhibit suboptimal persistence in vivo [22]. Peripheral tolerance refers to a state where T cells recognize antigens but fail to mount a responsive attack against cancer cells [23]. Elevated cytokine levels may be ...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Besides common therapeutic approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, novel therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapy
While MHC class I is ubiquitously expressed by almost all cells, MHC class II is mostly expressed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. These cells are involved in external antigen (Ag) processing and antigenic peptide presentation in the context ...
These CTLs are specific for allopeptides presented by self class I molecules, indicating that host antigen presenting cells have acquired these exogenous antigens. In recent years, additional data have accumulated showing that denatured proteins [89], soluble antigens associated with cellular debris ...
Antigen-presenting cells, especially DCs, should send three definite signals to T-cells, to initiate a proper anti-tumor response, namely antigen recognition, co-stimulation and secretion of T-cell stimulatory cytokines. Antigen recognition comprises presentation of TAAs on DC surface with MHC class ...
(ILC3s) that infiltrate the CNS in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. These ILC3s are derived from the circulation, localize in proximity to infiltrating T cells in the CNS, function as antigen-presenting cells that restimulate myelin-specific T cells, and are increased in individuals with...
However, the activation of the sensors in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) by natural agonists such as double-stranded DNAs or cyclic nucleotides is impeded by poor intracellular delivery, serum stability, enzymatic degradation and rapid systemic clearance. Here we show that the hydrophobicity, ...