The loss of estrogen (E2) initiates a rapid phase of bone loss leading to osteoporosis in one‐half of postmenopausal women, but the mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we show for the first time how loss of E2 activates low‐grade inflammation to promote the acute phase of bone ...
Counterintuitively, ex vivo studies have shown that OREX-A stimulates GnRH release from hypothalamic explants harvested from male rats and female rats at proestrus, but with no effect in estrus or metestrus [89], and in ovariectomized rats with or without estrogen priming [90]. Moreover, OREX...
An object of the present invention is to provide a bispecific antibody comprising an antigen-binding domain that binds to CD40 and an antigen-binding domain that binds to an epithel
However, little is known about the mechanisms by which estrogenic EDCs disrupt testis differentiation. Here, we employed Xenopus laevis, a model amphibian species sensitive to estrogenic EDCs, to explore the molecular and cellular events by which 17 beta-estradiol (E2) disrupts testis differentiation ...
There is inhibitory effect of BPA on nuclear estrogen (E2) production in granulosa cells of developing follicles that disrupt normal development to the antral follicles via suppression of E2 in granulosa cells of developing follicles during the menstrual cycle followed by reduction in the number of ...
Recent work indicates that exogenous 17α-estradiol (17α-E2), a stereoisomer of 17β-E2, produces unprecedented longevity increases (~20%) in male mice, challenging prevailing assumptions that 17α-E2 is a weak estrogen. However, is unclear how 17α-E2 acts. Therefore, this study aimed to...
PGE2 (0.0028–0.28 μM) also failed to alter the basal release of somatostatin by ME fragments from ovariectomized or ovariectomized, estrogen, progesterone-treated rats. Nevertheless, PGE2 inhibited the stimulatory effect of dopamine (DA) on somatostatin release by ME of male rats. In vitro ...
Further, how different trophic cytokines modulate the specific role(s) of Mcl-1 is unknown. Here, we use genetic mouse models to dissect the roles of Mcl-1 in primary T lymphocytes. Using the inducible Mcl-1-floxed estrogen receptor-Cre fusion protein (Mcl-1(f/f)ERCre) deletion system ...
Further, how different trophic cytokines modulate the specific role(s) of Mcl-1 is unknown. Here, we use genetic mouse models to dissect the roles of Mcl-1 in primary T lymphocytes. Using the inducible Mcl-1-floxed estrogen receptor-Cre fusion protein (Mcl-1f/fERCre) deletion system in ...
Nexrutine Inhibits Survival and Induces G1 Cell Cycle Arrest, Which Is Associated with Apoptosis or Autophagy Depending on the Breast Cancer Cell Linedoi:10.1080/01635581.2013.780627Breast cancers that are estrogen receptor (ER) negative or are ER negative with ErbB2/HER-2 overexpression have a ...