OSPF uses the shortest path first (SPF) algorithm to calculate routes, resulting in fast route convergence. Adjacency Establishment Adjacencies can be established in either of the following situations: Two routers have established a neighbor relationship and communicate for the first time. ...
AI is being used to power virtual assistants, personalized content and product recommendations, image generators, chatbots, self-driving cars, facial recognition systems and more. What are the types of AI? The 7 main types of artificial intelligence are: ...
What is the purpose of multiple overwriting? Multiple overwrites are used to enhance the security of data erasure by making it virtually impossible to recover the original data. Each overwrite uses a different algorithm to write random data patterns over the storage device, making it very difficult...
In a brute force attack, malicious actors don’t use a database, but simply try to guess a user’s password by running an algorithm that tries an incredible volume of passwords that are commonly used such as, birthdays, company names, and other obvious guesses. Cybercriminals can also per...
Pass-the-hash attacks let attackers move laterally through a network to extract additional information, credentials and access. What is a password hash? A password hash is an encrypted form of a password. A password is made into a password hash by applying an algorithm that converts it into ...
In per-flow load balancing mode, a device uses a hash algorithm to map a binary value of any length to a smaller binary value of a fixed length. The smaller binary value is the hash value. The device then maps the hash value to an outbound interface and sends packets out from this in...
What is a backpropagation algorithm in machine learning? Backpropagation is a type ofsupervised learningsince it requires a known, desired output for each input value to calculate the loss function gradient, which is how desired output values differ from actual output. Supervised learning, the most...
In an Ethernet network, data is broken into packets, with each packet transmitted using the CSMA/CD algorithm until it arrives at its destination without colliding with any other packet. The first open slot after a transmission is reserved for an acknowledge packet. A device or node is either...
Scalability.Writing an algorithm to process a problem is challenging. Taking this algorithm and parallelizing it along multiple cores for more processing capability is even more challenging. In the neural network world, however, AI accelerators make it possible to achieve a level of performance speed...
It cannot be used as a loss function.For bad predictions with no overlap—whether slightly off or not even close—IoU=0. This means IoU is not differentiable, and thus cannot help an algorithm optimize a model.Generalized Intersection over Union(orGIoU)amends IoU to make it differentiable. ...