It is therefore a challenge to understand how such cells might help us organize knowledge in the complex, high-dimensional, non-spatial cognitive map that Tolman envisaged. In this perspective, we examine compu
Spatial configurationUrban heat islandUrban heat island (UHI) is a worldwide phenomenon, which causes many ecological and social consequences. Urban greenspace can decrease environmental temperature and thus alleviate UHI effects. Spatial pattern of greenspace, both composition and configuration, ...
a senior software engineer working on large language models (LLMs). Generative AI’s ability to produce new original content appears to be an emergent property of what is known, that is, their structure and training. So, while there is plenty to explain vis-a-vis what we know, what a ...
The p-value is a probability. For the pattern analysis tools, it is the probability that the observed spatial pattern was created by some random process. When the p-value is very small, it means it is very unlikely (small probability) that the observed spatial pattern is ...
Wherever a loose bed of sand is subject to sufficiently strong winds, aeolian dunes form at predictable wavelengths and growth rates. As dunes mature and coarsen, however, their growth trajectories become more idiosyncratic; nonlinear effects, sediment s
The segmented pyramid diagram introduces a level of intricacy through its rectangular configurations. Within this design, the first nine lines of text emanate from the rectangular shapes, creating a more spacious and less cluttered arrangement. This chart focuses primarily on textual content and is fre...
object is a word, a sentence, a document, an image, or a video or audio file. Vectors are needed because comparing or searching this type of unstructured content is difficult for computers. Comparing or searching vectors, on the other hand, is much easier and is based on well-understood ...
However, there is limited guidance about what constitutes a liveable city from a LMIC perspective, with most of the evidence relating to high-income countries, such as Australia. Existing liveability frameworks include features such as public transport, affordable housing, and public open space; ...
as critical scholarship on AI demonstrates, this is a limited framing of the nature of intelligence, both of humans and AI. Furthermore, it dismisses the skills and labour central to developing AI systems, involving a distributed network of human-directed practices and reasoning. We argue that ...
The Brassicaceae (mustard family) have emerged as a model system for investigating the breakdown of SI. Key to the SI response is the recognition of self-pollen conferred by the S-locus receptor kinase (SRK) protein expressed on the stigma (Stein et al., 1996) that has a matching protein...