We discuss the signalling pathways that create these cells, cell-intrinsic mechanisms that could be exploited for selective elimination or induction of their differentiation, and the role of the tumour microenvironment in sustaining them. Finally, we propose ways to use our current knowledge of the ...
23,24. However, the 3D culture of primary hepatocytes, which are the principal epithelial cell type that performs most liver metabolic functions, remains elusive. Importantly, the ability to expand primary hepatocytes in
migratory capacity and metastatic potential.T-ICs in HCC express several cell surface markers, including EpCAM, CD44, CD133, CD24, and ATP-binding cassette subfamily b member 5., , , As shown in , T-IC markers together with several signaling pathways (Wnt/尾-catenin, Hedgehog, Notch, and...
some cells express EpCAM and maintain epithelial characteristics. Additionally, many cells express stem cell markers, such as CD133, CD44, CD24, and ALDH1. These findings indicate that CTC have a mixed epithelial phenotype, an intermediate epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype, and stem cell-like propert...
Consequently, CTC-specific techniques should hold the following requirements to differentiate CTCs from other blood cells: to be negative for the hematopoietic cell marker CD45; to be positive for cytokeratin, the structural protein expressed by epithelial cells; and to be positive for EpCAM, the ...
some cells express EpCAM and maintain epithelial characteristics. Additionally, many cells express stem cell markers, such as CD133, CD44, CD24, and ALDH1. These findings indicate that CTC have a mixed epithelial phenotype, an intermediate epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype, and stem cell-like propert...