While there are fewer studies on the role of HIF-2α in adipocytes, the results seem consistent: intact HIF-2 signaling in adipocytes has a protective role against diet-induced obesity (Table1). For example, adipocyte-specificHif-2αKO mice with the fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fabp4) pr...
55% 18% 15% 12% Plasticizers (Phthalates), Modi ers Flame Retardant, Biocides, Antistats Heat Stabilizers (Alkyphenols) & Antioxidant Colorants, Lubricants, Light stabilizers * A high number of industries are strongly depended by plastics and several of their innovation were not achievable without...
Normally, the decision to allow replication occurs after the cell cycle integrates the various growth-regulating signals received by the cell.39 In a malignancy, ineffective DNA repair leads to an accumulation of genetic errors that affect cell cycle control mechanisms. This allows the cell cycle ...
Many stud- ies have found that following ischemia-reperfusion injury, treatment with anti-apoptotic agents is effective at preserving cellular populations throughout the retina[55]. There are many distinct morphological changes which are common to apopto- sis: early on there is a reduction in cell...
Diseases caused by trypanosomatids include leishmaniasis (Leishmania spp.), Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi), and sleeping sickness (Trypanosoma brucei) that affect millions of people, especially low-income populations, being classified as neglected tr
of Pathology (L471) and Knight Diagnostic Laboratories, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the GI tract, arising from the interstitial cells of Cajal, primarily in the stomach and small intestine...
Moreover, there are contrasting data on IL-6 production in the liver of NAFLD subjects[57,72]. IL-6, with TNF-α, suppresses adiponectin levels; meanwhile, TNF-α stimulates the production of leptin[73,74]. Adiponectin is an adipocytokine with anti-inflammatory properties and it decreases ...
Some of them such as CLN1 (palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1), CLN2 (tripeptidyl-peptidase 1), CLN5, CLN10 (cathepsin D), and CLN13 (cathepsin F), are lysosomal soluble proteins; others like CLN3, CLN7, and CLN12, have been proposed to be lysosomal transmembrane proteins. In this ...
In normal tissue development, attractor transitions correspond to cell differentiation and are induced by tightly regulated developmental signals that trigger transitions to lower attractor states. Of particular interest for tumour progression is the stress inflicted onto the (non-killed) cancer cells by ...
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major component of the tumor stroma and actively participate in tumor development, invasion, metas- tasis, drug resistance, and other biological behaviors. CAFs are a highly heterogeneous group of cells, a reflection of the diversity of their origin, ...