1 These sequences undergo change within any population over the course of many generations, as random mutations arise and become fixed in the population. Therefore, two rather different sequences may well derive from a common ancestor. Suppose we have two small DNA sequences such as those in ...
We performed a detailed analysis of all manuscripts published in the journalDiabetes, published by the American Diabetes Association, in 1999, 2009, and 2019 (819 publications) (Fig.1A). Studying the inclusion of sex as a biological variable in one journal rather than between journals provides ad...
The random variables X and Y are independent if knowing the value of one of them does not change the probabilities for the other. The variance of a random variable measures the average squared distance of the random variable from its mean. Specifically, if X has mean μ = E[X], then th...
For in- stance, we can estimate the effect of changing the value of an alternative-specific variable at only one of the alternatives, or we could change its value across all alternatives. As we discussed earlier, even when an alternative-specific variable is changed only at one value of the...
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NEUTRALITY_CHANGE neutral probability RESERVES_PENALTY_SIZE backup LOCAL_PARTISAN_SUPPORT party support LOCAL_AA INDUSTRIAL_EFFICIENCY building speed RESEARCH_EFFICIENCY research speed PARTISAN_EFFICIENCY guerilla efficiency NAVAL_ORGANISATION naval organization degrees plus AIR_ORGANISATION air force organization ...
wherepiis the probability of occurrence of theithitem in the set. Consider a choice selection task where the choice is among 26 alternatives. If the alternatives appear with equal probability, the information content of the task is simply: ...
This shows that variable selection for this particular data-set is robust to a change in prior probability. However, we recommend that the influence of the prior probability be assessed for each data-set. This sensitivity analysis can also be useful because there are potential mixing problems of...
Ways to change thi... SF Chernov,VN Zakharov - 《Journal of Imaging Science & Technology》 被引量: 0发表: 1998年 A process for the adaptation of at least a length of a plurality of printed sheets on the same in each case large surface to be formed by a printing process in each ...
(Opriş et al., 2012). Moreover, there is a major difference between follow-up assessments in studies of flight anxiety. Therefore, we took into consideration the follow-up length variable to analyze its effects on results change. Moderation analyses withcategorical variableswere conducted by ...