瞬时换元公式[1](Instantaneous Change of Variable,ICV) 是连续时间normalizing flow (CNF)中一个核心定理。最早由NeurIPS-2018 的best paper 之一的工作 Neural ODE提出。该定理给出了在一个常微分方程定义的变换下,概率密度的变换公式。该定理可以描述为: Theorem(Instantaneous Change of Variables)(Theorem 1 [1...
Our proposal exploits the change of variable theorem which requires: 1) the choice of a generating density function representing the main features of the phenomena under analysis; 2) the choice of a transforming function that describes the observed departure from the expected behavior. Such procedure...
数学上probability measure的定义，就是给每个可能的状态分配一个概率，并且要求这些概率非负、加起来等于...
Some tests of significance, treated by the theory of probability. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 31, 203–222 (1935). Google Scholar Rouder, J. N. & Morey, R. D. Teaching Bayes’ theorem: strength of evidence as predictive accuracy. Am. Stat. 73, 186–190 (2019). Google Scholar Etz...
denote terms which are bounded in probability and tend to zero in probability, respectively, in the limit \(\min \{n,d\}\rightarrow \infty \) . throughout, we continue to write \(c>0\) to denote a generic constant, independent of n , d whose value may change line-to-line. ...
If the two variables are graphed on a plane, then the average rate of change can be expressed as the rise of the dependent variable divided by the run of the independent variable. Another way to think of the average rate of change between two points on a plane is the slope, or ...
Hi there, I was just trying to perform a change of variable on a differential equation as shown below. The original second order ODE is written in terms of a dependent variable ## \theta ## and independent variable ##q##. I have used the expression ## q = \sqrt{\frac{z\tau'}{LT...
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V.V. Ryazanov, Lifetime of system and non-equilibrium statistical operator method. Fortschritte der Phusik/Progr. Phys.49, 885–893 (2001) ArticleADSMATHGoogle Scholar W. Feller,An Introduction to Probability Theory and its Applications, vol. 2 (Wiley, New York, 1971) ...
The average rate of change graphically represents how a function changed on average over an interval. It describes how the dependent variable, y, changed when the independent variable, x, changed. How do you find the average rate of change in a graph? When given an interval, locate the corr...