The hallmarks of cancer biology have been updated recently, however, there are no reviews revisiting the function of CAFs in tumor microenvironment. This article reviews the origin, markers, and classification of CAFs, their impacts on the characteristics of NSCLC, and potential therapeutic targets ...
Exosomes are vesicles encompassed by a lipid bilayer that are released by various living cells. Exosomal proteins are encapsulated within the membrane or embedded on the surface. As an important type of exosome cargo, exosomal proteins can reflect the ph
Here, we evaluate the concept and update the evidence for the “electrical excitability” of cancer cells, formalised originally as the “CELEX” model (celex = cellular excitability) [9,10]. This was proposed initially from systematic profiling of basic voltage-gated ion channel activity in ...
suggesting its diagnostic and therapeutic potential. However, the molecular mechanisms and biological effects of FXR1 regulation in cancer have yet to be understood. This review highlights the current knowledge of FXR1 expression and function in various cancer...
"Theguidelinesemphasize, in addition to standards of trustworthiness, the third principle of evidence-based medicine: that evidence alone is never enough; that patient values and preferences are crucial to arriving at optimal recommendations," Chu said in a statement. ...
They are hallmarks of PTC. Single or multiple small nucleoli are often seen eccentrically located beneath the nuclear membrane. Multinucleated giant cells are common. Some PTC subtypes may show attenuated or exaggerated nuclear features. For example, follicular subtype PTC usually demonstrates pale ...
it provides a way for cells to rapidly respond to a variety of stimuli, and therefore is a key regulatory process of dynamic gene expression. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind transcription burst regulation is of great importance for a variety of fields, including cancer drug resistance,...
“seed and soil”1,2,3. In 2011, Hanahan and Weinberg enhanced their understanding of cancer on the basis of the great progress made over the past decade and expanded their proposed hallmarks of cancer from six to ten. They also recognized the emerging participation of TME in cancer ...
However, the majority of research has revealed that capsaicin interferes with various hallmarks of cancer, such as increased cell proliferation, evasion from apoptosis, inflammation, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, and tumor immune escape. Moreover, the compound has been reported to inhibit carcinogen...
breast cancer; epidemiology; risk factors; classification; diagnosis; prognosis; marker; treatment 1. Introduction Being characterized by six major hallmarks, carcinogenesis might occur in every cell, tissue, and organ, leading to the pathological alternations that result in a vast number of cancers. ...