Fungi—sing. fungus; from the Greeksphongis(sponge)—are nonphotosynthetic and thus must absorb nutrients from organic matter formed by other organisms. The great majority of fungi obtain their food from dead organic matter and hence are known as saprophytes; a relatively small percentage derive t...
Microorganisms(Latinmicro= small) are living beings so small (< 40 µm or 0.04 mm) that they are not visible by the naked eye. Microorganismsrelated to human healthinclude certain bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Synonyms: microbes, germs, bugs. Types of Microorganisms Microorganisms can...
Not all fungi are beneficial and some damage agricultural crops, cause disease in animals and humans, and produce poisonous toxins in foods. The nature, level, and types of microorganisms in foods have an important role in public health, storage life of foods, and the type of spoilage.Osman ...
Fungi belong to their own kingdom. Compared to higher plants and animals, they obtain their nutrition through a range of ways including degradation of organic material and symbiosis (as lichen) among others. As such, they are categorized as heterotrophic because they are unable to synthesize ...
Name two types of protists and two types of fungi. Name some of the defining characteristics of each type. Helminths Multicellular parasitic worms calledhelminthsare not technically microorganisms, as most are large enough to see without a microscope. However, these worms fall within the field of...
Microorganisms that produce antibiotics useful in preventing or treating disease include the bacteria and the fungi. Antibiotics came into worldwide prominence with the introduction of penicillin in 1941. Since then they have revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections in humans and other animals...
Joints may be infected by many types of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses) and occasionally by animal parasites. There are three routes of infection: by direct contamination, by way of the bloodstream, and by extension from adjacent bony infections (osteomyelitis). Direct contamination usually...
Beneficial microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, and viruses that specifically target pests, offering a targeted approach to pest control. This technique emphasizes ecosystem balancing and sustainable pest conservation, requiring thorough comprehension of ecological relationships, typically realized over time. ...
These are biofilms; communities of microorganisms that attach themselves to a surface. The bacteria or fungi excrete a sticky, sugar-rich substance that covers them and creates a matrix which is referred to as a biofilm. A biofilm is in effect an additional layer of protection for the microorga...
The bacteria must survive and thrive under extreme conditions such as high temperatures, acidic environments, and elevated concentrations of heavy metals. Their efficiency directly impacts the bioleaching process. Most used microorganisms are chemolithotrophic acidophiles. It also employs fungi along and so...