Sex chromosomes in plants and animals and mating type loci in fungi share strikingly similar genomic features and evolutionary processes, and this convergent evolution across kingdoms reflects similar selection forces that drive their formation (Fraser et al. 2004). Sex chromosomes at advanced stages ar...
In particular, the characterization of signaling pathways dedicated to specific responses towards fungi and Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria in Drosophila melanogaster challenged our original view of a non-specific immunity in invertebrates. However, much remains to be elucidated from lophotrocho...
The study demonstrated the specific action of the conjugates on the planktonic form of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, and fungi. The antimicrobial properties of the conjugates depend on the structures of the AgNPs stabilizing shell, antibacterial agent, and the cell membrane of the ...
In the first case, all types of moulds present in the environment may be involved, while in the second case, only some species have the ability to develop in the human body, especially Aspergillus , the commonest being Aspergillus fumigatus . Fungi generally have weak invasive power and are ...
Ste20-related kinases: Effectors of signaling and morphogenesis in fungi. Trends Microbiol. 2011, 19, 400–410. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] van Drogen, F.; O’Rourke, S.M.; Stucke, V.M.; Jaquenoud, M.; Neiman, A.; Peter, M. Phosphorylation of the MEKK Ste11p by the PAK-like ...
As key cells in the immune response to infectious agents, macrophages act mainly against bacteria and fungi, but are also implicated in antiviral responses as well. In most of the studied cell types, NLRX1 functions as a negative regulator of RLR-mediated type I IFN signaling by inhibiting int...
Pathogens are viruses, fungi, worms, protozoans, and bacteria that cause disease. The immune system is comprised of cells, organs, proteins, and tissues that work together, to prevent and fight disease. Without the immune system, the body would be quickly overwhelmed by pathogens and succumb ...
These primers have also been successfully applied to Quantitative PCR (QPCR), Length Heterogeneity PCR (LH-PCR) and Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses of fungi. A set of wide-range plant-specific primers were developed at positions corresponding to one pair of ...
The subspecies ranks recognized on the basis of host-species (range) specificity are " forma specialis " for fungi and "pathovar", "pathotype" or "biovar" for bacteria. A plant species is included in the host range of a pathogen if even one variety of the species is found to be ...
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