All living things can be divided into two types of cells: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and other cell structures that are bound by a distinct membrane. Bacteria, as prokaryotic cells, lack these internal membrane-bound structures. This distinction is considered to be...
Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms, known for their tremendous ability to adapt and multiply as well as for their ancient history. Some of the oldest known fossils–nearly 3.5 billion years old–are those of bacteria-like organisms. While some bacteria bring disease and death, others are b...
Scientists have known for a while that certain microbes can disturb the lining of the colon and promote tissue inflammation. This can result in mutations to the DNA of cells in the colon and lead to cancer. Researchers also know that one type of bacteria,Fusobacterium nucleatum(F. nuc), can...
Immunoadjuvant activities of cell walls, their water-soluble fractions and peptidoglycan subunits, prepared from various gram-positive bacteria, and of syn... 1. The cell walls from some 20 species of gram-positive bacteria, with only few exceptions, were found to be definitely adjuvant-active in...
White blood cells are an important part of our immune system. Different types of white blood cells perform different functions in the body. Overall, white blood cells help to protect us against bacteria, viruses, and parasites. A high white blood cell countis usually a sign of an infection or...
Binary fission is the type of cell division that takes place in prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea). Genetic material (nucleoid) in these cells is arranged in a single circular chromosome of the DNA. In a similar fashion to eukaryotes, the genetic material of these cells is duplicated before ...
"If you can initiate the protective immune response much earlier, the bacteria will never get a chance to establish infection in the lung," Khader said. "We could make a vaccine that generates the right kind of immune response so that when you get exposed to the bacteria, you won't even...
Regulatory T cellsA rising amount of evidences show that gut microbiota is an important factor in mediating the growth of ulcerative colitis (UC), the major product of colon bacteria fermentation butyrate as mediator have effects on the mucosal immune system by expanding regulatory T cells (Treg)...
All organisms in the taxonomic domainsArchaeaand Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms. In fact, many of the species within the Archaea domain are found within hydrothermal vents. It is possible they were the first living organisms on Earth when life was first forming. ...
Like archeans, bacteria are prokaryotic cells. This means that they are single-celled organisms without a nucleus membrane (nuclear envelope). While bacteria are very small, they are diverse and vary in shape and size.