Numerous different types of variations can occur in DNA and have diverse effects and consequences. The Variation Ontology (VariO) was developed for systematic descriptions of variations and their effects at DNA, RNA and protein levels.VariO use and terms for DNA variations are described in depth. ...
organisms of one species living in an environment all had variations. Some of those variations would be more favorable than others and allow some organisms to survive and reproduce more. Their traits would be passed on, and thus, over time, the population would change through the process of...
In addition, varying the expression levels of centromeric components, first and foremost CENP-A and its chaperone HJURP, has been shown to have opposite effects on cells: while downregulation promotes both cell proliferation arrest and senescence, upregulation leads to chromosome instability and cancer...
To aid the assessment and understanding of these variations, population databases such as gnomAD [1], ExAC [2], and ChinaMap [3] have been established. Additionally, genetic disease databases, e.g., ClinVar [4], OMIM [5], and HGMD [6], have also amassed a large amount of information...
In the Dm28c genome, Cluster I contains fourteen nearly identical complete cruzipain copies in tandem (> 99% protein sequence identity) and one truncated copy of the gene (Table 1). In CL Brener, Cluster I contains five tandem complete gene copies in the EL haplotype and ten copies in ...
Precocious puberty (PP) means the appearance of secondary sexual characters before the age of eight years in girls and nine years in boys. Puberty is indicated in girls by the enlargement of the breasts (thelarche) in girls and in boys by the enlargement of the testes in either volume or ...
Cell therapy has emerged as a viable approach for treating damaged organs or tissues, particularly with advancements in stem cell research and regenerative medicine. The innovative technique of cell sheet engineering offers the potential to create a cell
The expression of specific transcription factors, membrane-associated proteins and cell markers in human small and large intestine. A Immunoblot of protein FOXM1, MYBL2 and UBE2C in villus and crypt derived from mouse small intestine. B FOXM1 and KI67 immunostaining of small and large intestine ...
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising modality for addressing advanced or conventionally drug-resistant malignancies. When it comes to lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), T cells have demonstrated significant influence on both antitumor activity and the tumor
Distinct types of dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons may have unique contributions to chronic pain. Identification of primate sensory neuron types is critical for understanding the cellular origin and heritability of chronic pain. However, molecular in