The severity of all adverse events was graded based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), version 5.0. The secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DOR), and progression-free survival (PFS). Antitumor activity...
Cytotoxic drugs (drugs that are toxic to cells) are aimed at rapidly proliferating cells and interfere with nucleic acid and protein synthesis in the cancer cell, but they are often toxic to normal rapidly proliferating cells, such as bone marrow and hair cells. Often a combination of cytotoxic...
Refractory metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma is largely incurable. Here we analyze the response of a child with refractory bone marrow metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma to autologous HER2 CAR T cells. Three cycles of HER2 CAR T cells given after lymphodepleting chem
Pancreatic cancer is an extremely dismal malignance. Chemotherapy has been widely applied to treat this intractable tumor. It has exclusive tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by dense desmoplasia and profound infiltrations of immunosuppressive cells. Interactions between stromal cells and cancer cel...
A potent inhibitor of tumor metastasis, Prosaposin (Psap), acts via stimulation of p53 and the anti-tumorigenic TSP-1 in bone marrow-derived cells that are recruited to metastatic sites5,6. Within the TME, TSP-1 has been shown to act on two key receptors CD36 and CD47 (4,5). As ...
97,99,100 Although almost 70% of tumors arise in the adrenal gland or abdominal sympathetic chain, at least 20% arise in the thorax (including the thymus).101 The signs and symptoms are dependent upon the location of tumor and the stage of disease. Lymph nodes, liver, bone marrow, and...
At present, cytotoxic drugs are generally applied for postoperative adjuvant therapy or advanced CRC patients, usually accompanied by a series of adverse effects (such as constipation, diarrhea, nausea, and bone marrow suppression) and individual differences in drug efficacy [14, 15]. In recent year...
This clinical trial examines the safety, efficacy, and biosimilarity of MW032 compared with denosumab in patients with solid tumor–related bone metastases.
The potential benefit of neoadjuvant toripalimab plus axitinib in cases with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (IVC-TT) remains unclear. NEOTAX was a phase 2 study to investigate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant toripalimab plus axitinib in pati...
TAMs mature from bone marrow-derived circulating monocytes. These monocytes are recruited to the tumour sites, exposed to chemokines and growth factors in the TME, and subsequently differentiate into TAMs19, 20, 21, 22. Depending on the surrounding immune environment, macrophages can be polarized to...