Several factors, such as the gut integrity and microbiota composition, diet, activity of hepatic enzymes, and the rate of methylamine excretion, might determine TMAO levels in the blood. Mostly, Clostridiaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae bacterial strains have been reported to play a significant role...
digestive disorders; for autoimmune enhancement; for reducing jet lag, for decreasing hormonal inbalance inmenopausal and post-menopausal women; for improving self-confidence, self-esteem; visual or auditory acuity; aerobic endurance, physical agility, blood circulation and reducing blood pressure and ...
Betaine has the function of sterilization and anti-inflammatory, and can eliminate oxygen free radicals in the blood, so it can play the role of anti-inflammatory and detoxification. One of the methyl donors in life, regulating the Osmotic pressu...
pressure and plays a very important role in a variety of physiological activities of the human body (Zhao et al., 2018a). The metabolic pathway of betaine is shown inFig. 2. Moreover, according to the study of the European Food Safety Authority panel onDietary Products, Nutrition and ...
The gut is a circulatory organ that contains around 40% of all human blood. Reducedblood flowto the intestinal epithelial cells promotescell hypoxia, andanaerobic digestion, and changes thegut microbiota, with a decrease inBacteroidesandBifidobacteriaand an increase inFirmicutesandProteobacteria.76Choline...