transcribed.Heterochromatinrefers to tightly packaged DNA, protected from transcription machinery, sequestering genes away from transcription. The basic unit of chromatin is the nucleosome, which contains eighthistoneproteins packaging 146 base pairs of DNA wound 1.7 times around the histone complex (Fig....
Regardless of whether you're a newcomer to biology or a longtime aficionado, chances are excellent that by default, you view deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as perhaps the single most indispensable concept in all of life science. At a minimum, you're likely aware that DNA is what makes you uni...
a. What are the major enzymes or mechanisms needed for the single-stranded DNA virus? b. What enzymes (if any) are unique to this type of replication? What enzyme is required to make copies of DNA from RNA? (a) cytoplasm, a protein (b) cytoplasm, a nucleotide (c) nucleus, RNA (d...
A transcription initiation site is the location on a DNA molecule where the process of transcription begins. It determines the structure of the 5'-UTR and can contain features that inhibit translation. AI generated definition based on: Mechanisms of Development, 2001 ...
To test whether active loop extrusion is essential for maintaining various types of chromatin loops and transcription, we endogenously and homozygously tagged each of the three primary loop extrusion factors (CTCF, RAD21 or WAPL) with an auxin-inducible degron (AID) by clustered regularly repeating...
while non-native paralogs enforced differentiation even in the absence of exogenous inducers. DNA binding affinity was controlled by divergent amino acids within the otherwise highly conserved RUNT domain and evolutionary reconstruction suggested convergence of RUNT domain residues toward submaximal strength. ...
Transcription of the genes for the human histone proteins H4, H3, H2A, H2B, and H1 is activated at the G_1/S phase transition of the cell cycle. We have previously shown that the promoter complex HiNF-D, which interacts with cell cycle control elements in multiple histone genes, contains...
Chromatin is the association between DNA, RNA, and diverse nuclear proteins, including nucleosomes. It enables the ~2-meter human genome to be packaged inside the nucleus while allowing active genes and their corresponding regulatory elements to remain accessible1. Nucleosome positioning is an ...
The Arabidopsis class I TCP transcription factor AtTCP11 is a developmental regulator with distinct DNA-binding properties due to the presence of a threoni... The Arabidopsis class I TCP transcription factor AtTCP11 is a developmental regulator with distinct DNA-binding properties due to the ...
The positioning of these nucleosomes along the genome is important for control of gene expression by regulating access of DNA to transcription factors and other DNA binding proteins [2–5]. Nucleosomes are therefore not arranged randomly, but show a distinct distribution around genes. This ...