accurate tracking of transboundary waste flows, and specialization of national waste management systems. In particular, WB exports appear to be directed to countries with more advanced waste management systems, more stringent environmental regulations, and limited endowments of the mineral resources typically...
Import growth often goes hand in hand with export growth, which spurs job creation. But I didn’t like everything I found in the paper. In some circumstances, trade reduces inequality, but by hurting those with high incomes rather than helping those with low incomes. Our results also show ...
Like other trade policies, the tariffs on trade with China have both winners and losers. Domestic industries and manufacturers will tend to benefit. Consumers and producers who use those products will have to pay higher prices, which could have an inflationary effect on the rest of the economy....
But this rarely happens for primarily three reasons: More than one factor of production reduces the tendency of specialization (chapter 4) Protectionism (chapters 8–11) Transportation costs reduce or prevent trade, which may cause each country to produce the same good or service Copyright ? 2009...
This increases the average quality of matches and reduces the dispersion. Moreover, opening up labor markets to migration enhances competition; wage markdowns fall. As a result, liberalizing migration on the extensive margin leads to an increase in welfare as well as lower earnings inequality, ...
Since the tariff reduction makes firms from the origin more competitive, some small firms will find it optimal to export and therefore enter the market, which reduces the average market share msfiodt of incumbent firms. The drop in market share in turn increases the demand elasticity, which ...
which they have a production advantage. Trade allows businesses to exploit economies of scale by operating in international markets. International competition stimulates higher efficiency and reduces monopoly power. Trade enhances consumer choice and international competition between suppliers helps to keep ...
2012); the specialization of Greek regions in export-declining sectors that experience labor productivity losses (Kallioras et al. 2016); and the peripherality of the Greek economy compared to the EU core. Studies also stress the institutional weaknesses and the limited effectiveness of the ...
When countries follow such a pattern of product specialization, and given free trade, the income of exporting countries should rise, as advocated by the convergence theory that income among world economies would narrow through trade liberalization (Dornbusch et al., 1977; Grossman and Helpman, 1990...
This assumption involves decreasing returns to specialization in one crop which implies incomplete specialization in each field and allows a simple mapping with biophysical data. These various models have been used to analyze the economic consequences of climate change in agriculture and to assess the ...