The estimates for the highest earner (or variations thereof) indicate whether individuals in different-sex couples specialize and take advantage of each other’s comparative earnings advantage. The estimates interacted with the same-sex dummy indicate whether individuals in same-sex couples specialize ...
–Producerswilltrytofindthemixofresourcesthatallowthemtoproducethemostgoodswiththelowestcost.•Humancapital•Specializationandtrade•Competition –Competitionforcesindividualsandbusinessestoinnovateandfindmoreproductivewaysofworking.HumanCapital •Humancapitalisdefinedastheskills,abilities,andknowledgethatpeopleacquire...
Individualsandnationsrelyonspecializedproductionandexchangeasawaytoaddressproblemscausedbyscarcity.Harcourt,Inc.itemsandderiveditemscopyright©2001byHarcourt,Inc.InterdependenceandTrade But,thisgivesrisetotwoquestions:Whyisinterdependencethenorm?Whatdeterminesproductionandtrade?Harcourt,Inc.itemsandderiveditemscopyright©...
Trade-offs Low specificity increases the number of individual hosts available, probably enhances the geographic range that the enemy can occupy, reduces the time required to search for new hosts and lowers the risk of extinction should any one host be unavailable (Table 1). However, all plant...
In contrast to results in some other models, we find that consumption of goods that are not purchased with money (analogous to leisure services or credit goods) can either rise or fall with a rise in the money growth rate. Finally, we allow for costly barter and examine individuals' ...
to connect these associated trophic compartments15. But ecologists are becoming increasingly aware that many generalist species are composed of individual specialists that use only a subset of the available habitats and prey16,17,18,19. Individuals may function as specialists while the population and ...
Lee and Clarke (2019) find a smaller but still positive multiplier in UK. In this case, those individuals who gain the most are unskilled workers. Gagliardi (2014) uses a different approach and different indicators. She studies the impact of innovation on LLMs by exploiting information on the...
Further, the method of independent contrasts can extend the reconstruction approach and allow the statistical testing of whether nonrandom associations exist between the phylogenetic distributions of different traits (e.g., between particular host associations and plant toxins). This allows the evaluation...
There is an increasing appreciation that food–energy–water (FEW) nexus problems are approaching criticality in both the developing and developed world. As researchers and managers attempt to address these complex resource management issues, the concept of the FEW nexus has generated a rapidly growing...