toxin–antitoxin systemsantimicrobialsresistancePersistence is a phenomenon in which bacteria avoid the lethal effects of antibiotics due to their transition to a physiological state, which enables tolerance to antibacterial drugs. Among the factors that contribute to persistence, a special role belongs to...
The toxin-antitoxin system tisB-istR1 : Expression, regulation, and biological role in persister phenotypes. RNA Biol 2012 ; 9:1513 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/ 10.4161/rna.22578 ; PMID: 23093802 [Taylor & Francis Online]Wagner EG, Unoson C (2012) The toxin-antitoxin system tisB-istR1:...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules encode two-component systems consisting of a stable ‘toxin’ and an unstable ‘antitoxin’ to repress the function or expression of the toxin (see Ref. [27] for review). The overexpression of toxin either kills the cells or confers growth stasis.TA systemshave ...
In contrast, under conditions of stress, the antitoxins are selectively degraded, freeing the toxins to inhibit essential cellular processes, such as DNA replication and protein translation. This inhibition results in rapid growth arrest. In this Review, we highlight recent discoveries of these ...
In contrast, under conditions of stress, the antitoxins are selectively degraded, freeing the toxins to inhibit essential cellular processes, such as DNA replication and protein translation. This inhibition results in rapid growth arrest. In this Review, we highlight recent discoveries of these ...
This shifted the paradigm of the functions of toxin–antitoxin systems to roles related to interactions between hosts and their mobile genetic elements, such as viral defence or plasmid stability. In this Review, we summarize the recent progress in understanding the biology and evolution of these ...
Under stress conditions, TA synthesis will be triggered, resulting in the degradation of the labile antitoxin and the release of the toxin protein, which would poison the host cells. The three functional chromosomal TAS from S. pneumoniae that have been studied as well as their molecular ...
Here, we present a review of the TA systems described to date and their biological role in human pathogens belonging to the ESKAPE group (Enterococcus faecium,Staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosaandEnterobacterspp.) and others of clinical relevance (...
It is of interest to note that while bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems have been well studied, the TA system in unicellular eukaryotes, though predicted by the investigators, have never been paid the desired attention. In the present review, we have also touched upon the TA system of eukaryotes...
This review will primarily focus on the SOS-associated tisB/istR1 system in Escherichia coli and discuss its nuts and bolts as well as its effect in promoting a subpopulation phenotype that likely benefits long-term survival of a stressed population. 展开 ...