Intop-down processing,we draw on our own intelligence and experience - the predictions we can make, based on the schemata we have acquired - to understand the text. As we saw, this kind of processing is used when w...
Reading comprehension ability is one of the key abilities trained in College English teaching in China. This paper first examines the theories behind top-down and bottom-up reading strategies, and then suggests top-down reading strategies are more effective than the bottom-up ones in training EFL...
Intop-down processing,we draw on our own intelligence and experience - the predictions we can make, based on the schemata we have acquired - to understand the text. As we saw, this kind of processing is used when we interpret assumptions and draw inferences. We make conscious use of it wh...
Generally, while top-down and bottom-up can be very distinctly different, both are often used in all types offinancial approacheslike checks and balances. For example, while a top-down investment fund might primarily focus on investing according to macro trends, it will still look at the funda...
Adrian Tennant explores two concepts relating to how students process listening texts – 'top down' and 'bottom up' – and gives some practical ideas for the classroom.
down and bottom-up approaches in teaching listening.Lastly,at the third part of the essay,the author shall try to discuss the possibility of applying these approaches into practice,that is,when and why one of them is more useful.Furthermore in this section,a more integrated view will be ...
Top-downandBottom-upapproachestoteachinglisteningwhenwhichapproachmay 系统标签: listeningteachingiisteningapproachapproachesuseful 串。2害。 ‘‘To p-d own,,a nd‘‘B otto m-u p,, approaC neS t0 teac hlng¨Ste nina, ■■'一'一, when and wh ich approach may be more usefu l? 张颖 (南昌...
2) bottom up 自下而上阅读法 1. , bottom up and top down, will enable students to have a full understan. 本文初步探讨了如何将图式知识理论运用到大学综合英语课教学之中 ,指出 :在大学综合英语课教学中设法启动学生已有的图式知识和为学生创造新的图式知识是综合英语课成功的关键所在 ;在具体操作...
The genetic mediation of individual differences in sensitivity to\n pain and its inhibition Thus, by using a combination of "top-down" and "bottom-up" strategies, we are now able to genetically dissect even complex biological traits like pain... JEFFREY S.MOGIL - 《Proc Natl Acad Sci U S...
CA Kurby,MA Britt,JP Magliano - 《Reading Psychology》 被引量: 50发表: 2005年 Forecasting item-level demands: An analytical evaluation of top–down versus bottom–up forecasting in a production-planning framework We compare the performance of top–down (TD) and bottom–up (BU) strategies for...