This entry is concerned with assessing the effect of treatments that vary in time on the outcomes for individual patients. For example, levels of compliance with therapy may vary over time among participants in a clinical trial. Assessment of treatment effects in this situation is complicated by ...
Many medical studies involve the occurrence of recurrent events,such as times to opportunistic infections among AIDS patients. In particular, this doctoral research has been motivated by the need for analyzing the effect of vitamin A supplementation on recurrent diarrheal episodes from a randomized commu...
Hern$'$n M. and Robins J. Causal Inference: What If. 这一章介绍了如何估计time-varying 下的causal effect. 21.1 The g-formula for time-varying treatments 求静态的$\
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Effect of time-varying intensities of ventilatory parameters In the joint model analysis, time-varying ventilatory ratio (VR) (HR 1.548, 95% CI 1.309–1.835) was significantly associated with an increased risk of death after adjusting for covariates. In contrast, time-varying PaCO2 (HR 1.008, 95...
A similar time-dependent heterogeneity of treatment effect was observed in the aggregate study meta-analysis as in the IPD pooled analysis. Treatment with BVS compared with EES cumulative through 3 years and 5 years resulted in greater rates of composite TLF and POCE, owing to increased rates ...
This complete resource supplies an accessible treatment of the effect of time-varying parameters in conjunction with one or more additional kinds of complexities in the properties of particular mediums.
Background: Extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields have been considered by researchers as a noninvasive treatment approach. Citing documented biological effects of ELF magnetic fields in recent studies, we investigate the effect of low intensity ELF magnetic field on the treatment of invasive ...
information will also help distinguish the indirect effect (the effect of the treatment on the outcome mediated by other covariates) from the direct effect (the effect of the treatment on the outcome un-mediated by other covariates). Third, the effect of policy intervention combinations, including...
This paper investigates the identification and estimation of the quantile treatment effect in a difference in differences (DID) setting when treatment is provided only to qualified individuals at a certain point in time and the qualification is time-vary