This entry is concerned with assessing the effect of treatments that vary in time on the outcomes for individual patients. For example, levels of compliance with therapy may vary over time among participants in a clinical trial. Assessment of treatment effects in this situation is complicated by ...
21.5 Censoring is a time-varying treatment当censoring也是一个time-varying变量的时候.∑¯lE[Y|¯A=a,¯C=¯0,¯L=¯l]K∏k=0f(lk|¯ak−1,ck−1=0,¯lk−1).∑l¯E[Y|A¯=a,C¯=0¯,L¯=l¯]∏k=0Kf(lk|a¯k−1,ck−1=0,l¯k−1)....
Analysis of imputed data from published trials and simulations using empirical survival functions shows that violations of proportional hazards arise from time-varying treatment effects. In the data analyzed here, this was most evident in ICI trials, but was also seen in trials of the BCL-2 inhibi...
This article considers the problem of examining time-varying causal effect moderation using observational, longitudinal data in which treatment, candidate moderators, and possible confounders are time varying. The structural nested mean model (SNMM) is used to specify the moderated time-varying causal ...
After estimation of the model parameters using a pseudo-likelihood approach, simultaneous confidence intervals for the hazard ratio function are established using a Monte Carlo method to assess the time-varying pattern of the treatment effect. To assess the overall treatment effect, estimated average ...
Treatment with BVS vs EES was a strong independent factor associated with TLF between 0 to 5 years and 0 to 3 years, but not between 3 and 5 years. In this latter period, only diabetes and hypertension were associated with TLF. The treatment effect of BVS vs EES was also consistent ...
causal effect of iron supplement use during pregnancy (time-varying treatment) on odds of anemia at delivery in the presence of time-dependent confounding... LM Bodnar,D Marie,SRA Maria,... - 《American Journal of Epidemiology》 被引量: 269发表: 2004年 Treatment Effects in the Presence of ...
Social scientists are often interested in estimating the marginal effects of a time-varying treatment on an end-of-study continuous outcome. With observational data, estimating these effects is complicated by the presence of time-varying confounders affected by prior treatments, which may lead to bias...
Therefore, the characteristics of the induced membrane should also be analyzed over a longer time period, and the effect of the interval till grafting on subsequent bone regeneration should also be addressed for varying time intervals Therefore, this study intended to determine the angiogenesis, ...
music on the time‑varying brain dynamics Iga Adamska2 · Karolina Finc1 Received: 5 April 2022 / Accepted: 31 May 2023 / Published online: 9 June 2023 © The Author(s) 2023 Abstract Rationale Psychedelics are getting closer to being widely used in clinical treatment....