h.Centralization – this term refers to the degree to which subordinates are involved in decision making. i.Scalar chain – the line of authority from top management to the lowest ranks in the scalar chain. j.Order – people and materials should be in the right place at the right time. ...
StateThe term and concept of bureaucracy is discussed as found in the debates of Marx, Engels, and the German Social-democratic Party, then in Lenin's Fight against Bureaucracy and the State Machine, and finally in Stalin's Unavowed Thermidor (these are the subtitles). It is concerned only ...
Which term refers to individuals that are directly involved in accomplishing the primary purpose of the organization? A) HR managers B) line managers C) staff managers D) sales managers Empowerment refers to: a. the value of...
Leave voters based their support for Brexit on a variety of factors, including the European debt crisis, immigration, terrorism, and the perceived drag of Brussels’ bureaucracy on the U.K. economy. Britain was wary of the European Union’s projects, which Leave supporters felt threatened the...
In short, synonymy is used to mean the sameness between lexical items;(1 score)while hyponymy refers to the sense relation between the general lexical term and the specific lexical term.(1 score)Take the following two groups of words for example: go: walk, ride, run, fly, sail, stride,...
Answer: TRUE Explanation: People float from project to project as dictated by their skills and the demands of those projects. Difficulty: Moderate Objective: 6.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the factors that influence decisions about organizational structure. Skill: Concept 37) Which term refers to the...
By examining the connections between politics and bureaucracy in the Brazilian presidential system, we focus specifically on the first Cardoso term (1995-1998) and within this, on the case of the Ministry of Finance. The choice of this ministry can be justified due to its high profile in the...
Participation identifies added value to induced informal structures that not only helps to give a voice to the linked actors but also neutralizes the habitual rigidities of public sector bureaucracy. It is paradoxical to see how government structures that are not sufficiently functional coexist with in...
Centralization–thistermreferstothedegreetowhichsubordinatesareinvolvedindecisionmaking. Scalarchain–thelineofauthorityfromtopmanagementtothelowestranksinthescalarchain. Order–peopleandmaterialsshouldbeintherightplaceattherighttime. Equity–managersshouldbekindandfairtotheirsubordinates. Stabilityoftenureofpersonnel–...
It means the ability to think strategically—to take the broad, long-term view—and to identify, evaluate, and solve complex problems. Conceptual skill is especially important for top managers. Many of the responsibilities of top managers, such as decision making, resource allocation, and ...