Therefore, antibody-engineering techniques, such as genetic modification and enzymatic cleavage, can be used to produce antibody fragments consisting only of the antigen recognition region (Fab), or single-chain antibodies carrying the variable region linked by an amino acid linker (scFv) [Fig. 1]...
Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) — an increasing insight into its role in tumorigenicity and metastasis. Int. J. Cancer 136, 2504–2514 (2015). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Slack, C. et al. Regulation of lifespan, metabolism, and stress responses by the Drosophila SH2B ...
It targets the cell adhesion molecule Nectin-4, which is overexpressed in 97% of urothelial carcinomas. The payload uses MMAE and a cleavable valine-citrulline, MC-Val-Cit-PABC linker. Intracellularly, it causes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis [105,106]. 3.8. Polatuzumab Vedotin-Piiq (...
Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/‘proxy’...
Decreasing the number of PCR cycles also reducesPCR duplicatesand improves library complexity. PCR duplicates are defined as sequencing reads resulting from two or more PCR amplicons of the same DNA molecule. Although bioinformatic...
Specifically, Semaglutide (SEMA), a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) molecule approved for the treatment of both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity associated with significant improvement in metabolic syndrome parameters [43, 44], was tested since fasting HFD mice showed lower...
Prominin-1 (Prom1, a.k.a. cluster of differentiation (CD)133; hereafter, CD133 refers to the mammalian molecule) has attracted global interest in the fields of regenerative medicine and oncology, as its expression on the cell surface allows the identification and isolation of stem cells and ...
The molecular mechanism is based on the binding of a methyl/acetyl group to a DNA molecule, which may affect the transcriptional activity of the underlying gene without changing the genetic code. The percentage of methylation inherited from the father through sperm varies markedly across taxa and ...
The bottom three traces in each plot are negative controls that lack either the small molecule substrate (∆1, ∆2, or ∆3), enzyme (∆MaPylRS), or tRNA (∆tRNAPyl), while the top trace labeled ‘+’ contains all three necessary components for the acylation reaction. Two ...
A lipid molecule composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid linked through an amide bond; in fact, many chemically diverse ceramides have been described, showing that ceramide is not a single molecular species but rather a family of related molecules. Sphingomyelin A type of sphingolipid found in...