In budding yeast, telomeres and the mating type (HM) loci are found in a heterochromatin-like silent structure initiated by Rap1 and extended by the interaction of Sir (Silencing Information Regulator) proteins with histones. Binding data demonstrate that both the H3 and H4 N terminal domains ...
A nucleosome is a fundamental unit of chromatin composed of 147 base pairs of DNA and an octamer of core histone proteins, two copies each of histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Histone proteins are basic and conserved from archaea to humans based on the amino acid sequence.29,30Histone underg...
The gatekeeper function of histones in cellular memory. The dauer state of C. elegans induces global changes in histone marks that are necessary, but not sufficient, for the formation of a cellular memory that governs life history traits. The dauer-dependent histone signature serves as a kind of...
structuretranscriptionvariantsHistones are a major component of chromatin, the protein-DNA complex fundamental to genome packaging, function, and regulation. A ... Kamakaka,Rohinton,T.,... - 《Genes & Development》 被引量: 273发表: 2005年 Linker histone variants control chromatin dynamics during ...
Centromeres are unique chromosomal domains that control chromosome segregation, and are epigenetically specified by the presence of the CENP-A containing nucleosomes. CENP-A governs centromere function by recruiting the constitutive centromere associated network (CCAN) complex. The features of the CENP-A...
Define Histones. Histones synonyms, Histones pronunciation, Histones translation, English dictionary definition of Histones. n. Any of several basic proteins found in association with the DNA in the chromatin of eukaryotes. American Heritage® Dictiona
The interaction of HDAC1 with ER-α is mediated by the activation function-2 (AF-2) domain and DNA-binding domain of ER-α, and this interaction is weakened in the presence of estrogens (Kawai et al., 2003). Furthermore, another study indicates that the ER-gene transcription is regulated...
Tetrahymena thermophilais a well studied model organism for molecular and cellular biology. Telomerase, self-splicing RNA, and the function of histone acetylation are some of the major discoveries made with this unicellular ciliated protozoan (reviewed in [1,2]). It was also the first member of ...
A succession of technological advances over the past decade have enabled researchers to chart maps of histone modifications and related chromatin structures with increasing accuracy, comprehensiveness and throughput. The resulting data sets highlight the interplay between chromatin and genome function, dynamic...
From the early days of chromatin research it was initially assumed that histones had a mere passive structural role [4], which would participate in the packing of DNA through “tight” protein–DNA interactions. The discovery of the nucleosome (see Ref. [5] for a review) did not do much ...