The results show a significant negative impact of corruption on long-term growth in all specifications, both on average and for each Italian region. As a consequence, a zero-level of corruption is growth maximizing. This effect is non-linear such that the negative impact of corruption on ...
consensus n consensus estimates consent form consent to lease consequence clause consequence of efl wr consequential provisi conser editing guide conservation board conservation district conservation nf conservation of energ conservation scientis conservation society conservation isotopic conservation soil conservatis...
consent decree consent process consenter conseqential damages consequence core view consequence result n consequences comparab consequences of globa consequent reaction consequential validit conservation easement conservation equation conservation manageme conservation regulati conservation mass conservatism principl cons...
The general point here is that the size and nature of the political budget cycle are conditional on the political and economic environment. They depend, amongst other factors, on economic conditions (e.g., the level of income), the institutional framework (e.g., the level of corruption, ...
The existing empirical literature in economics and political sciences is indeed mainly focused at studying whether corruption may affect income inequality, but very few contributions consider the possibility that the reverse might be true as well, with the consequence of putting at serious risk of ...
The blockade has been gravely detrimental to Cuba's economic and social development, causing over 100 billion US dollars of direct losses to Cuba's economy.自上世纪70年代末,美国对伊朗实施了长期封锁和制裁。2018年5月,美国政府单方面退出伊朗核问题全面协...
the notion that developing countries should now be allowed their share of pollutants and greenhouse gases in order to build infrastructure and spur economic growth. 意思是发展中国家现在应被允许他们自己的污染物与温室气体排放份额,来进行基础设施建设和促进经济发展。
Respect for the law and freedom must be ensured, and reforms must be enacted that transfer responsibility for production to civil society and take it away from the state (always the principal source of corruption), that reward competition and private enterprise, and that open the borders to out...
“slaves” by Spanish observers. The status of the debt peons and war captives was inherited but, through manumission and interclass marriage, seldom extended over more than two generations. The fluidity of the social system was in part the consequence of a bilateral kinship system in which ...
capitalism so common abroad — trampling in the process the economic exceptionalism that has been so crucial for American prosperity. When the dust has cleared and the panic has abated, this may well turn out to be the most serious and damaging consequence of the financial crisis for American ...