Teaching for Comprehending and FluencyIrene FountasGay Su Pinnell
Fluency l Deal with the information gap of real discourse; l Process language and respond appropriately with a degree of ease; l Be able to respond with reasonable speed in “real time”. III. Principles of Communicative Language Teaching 1. Principles of CLT: l Communicative principle: ...
García and Li (2018) further argued that, from a teacher's perspective, translanguaging can serve as a scaffold to assist learners in comprehending difficult text and speech. From a student perspective, translanguaging provides an opportunity for free self-expression and self-representation, one ...
8. Correct pronunciation and grammar were emphasized. Despite its success in private schools, the Direct Method was met with a great deal of criticism. Strict requirements to adhere to its princi- ples and the need for native speakers or someone with native-like fluency prevented this method ...
Nunan (1989) proposes three general ways of characterizing activities: rehearsal for the real world (authenticity); © 2016. The authors - Published by Atlantis Press 200 skills use; fluency and accuracy. Teacher‟s role means that a teacher is a facilitator, an organizer, ...
5、ompetence, Fluency.3 3 principles of communicative language teaching :communication principle , task principle , meaningfulness principle4 the key assumption in CLT is that students learn the language through engaging in a variety of communicative activities,5 6 criteria for Evaluating how communica...
Studies have shown that limited vocabulary prevents students from comprehending a reading text for example. Poor readers, therefore, often read less because reading is difficult and frustrating for them. This means they do not read enough to improve their vocabulary which could help them comprehend ...
45、Visual clues 视觉线索4) Listener s response 回应5) Speaker s adjustment 调节Principles and models for teaching listening:1)Focus on process2) Combine listening and speaking3) Focus on comprehending meaning4) Grade difficulty level appropriatelyThree teaching stages1.Pre-listening activities: 听前...
it is a piece of classroom work which involves learners in comprehending manipulating form.2.6.4 what are not tasks?tasks do not include activities which involve language used for practice or displa 43、y, such as “describe the picture using the words and phrases from the list below ”or ...
lcomprehension(理解):let students go deep into situations, understanding the text and comprehending the emotion. lpractice (练习):Give students a related topic and ask them practice it. luse(活用):Let 37、 students use it consciously in their daily life. Advantages 1.Modern technological ...