Over the abyssal plain the kinetic energy of the high-frequency surface velocity (150 cm 2/s 2) is about 3.5 time the kinetic energy contributed by meso-scale eddies (42 cm 2/s 2). The eddies are mainly anti-cyclonic, with a typical diameter of about 45 km. In the centre of the ...
2b between algebraic and geometric VOF computed with the MAC scheme is mainly associated with the difference in the potential energy. Since, based on the assumptions made in FC1, the total energy should be conserved, the difference in the potential energy of the geometric VOF should be ...
They indicated that SST is driven by intrinsic modes of atmospheric circulation variability that imprint themselves upon the SST field mainly via surface energy fluxes and also by oceanic processes such as upwelling, entrainment, and lateral advection. Due to the thermal inertia of the upper-ocean ...
The following three types of OBS noise are usually the strongest: microseisms driven by the local wind wavefield at frequencies near 1 Hz42, tilt noise due to seafloor currents and compliance noise due to pressure variations caused by ocean gravity waves63. We suggest that 0.9-Hz peak is ...
Surface currents are shown by thick arrows. Inset B: the Galapagos Islands. 1.1. The Santa Barbara Basin The SBB lies within a highly productive coastal region of the Pacific Ocean (Soutar & Crill, 1977, Schimmelmann & Tegner, 1991). Its high productivity contributes to high sedimentation ...
Physical simulations of downbursts in wind simulators mainly follow two experimental approaches: (1) buoyancy-driven currents; or (2) momentum-driven IJs. The former are typically called gravity currents [26,27,28,29,30], while the latter are simply referred to as IJs [31,32,33,34,35]. ...
As for the driving force of the intraseasonal zonal current, a number of studies found that there are mainly two kinds. The intraseasonal zonal currents in the eastern basin can be driven effectively by the atmospheric intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs). Currents with a period of 30–50 d (Masum...
For microwave sensors the quality level is mainly driven by the estimated uncertainty through the thresholds shown in Table4. Rain and radio frequency interference (RFI) are flagged as bad data using an additional set of tests30, while retrievals within 200 km of sea-ice or 100 km of la...
Atomic-level dispersed metal clusters are mainly characterized by three methods at present: Advanced imaging technology: Determine the position and size of the target by means of atomic imaging technology. The most commonly accepted technique ways are High Resolution-Transmission Electron Microscope (HR-...
As discussed in Section 2.2.1, propagation of a mechanical wave in a piezoelectric medium is accompanied by an associated wave potential, ϕ. When the wave is incident on a receiving transducer, this potential induces a current flow in each transducer electrode; these currents combine to produce...