1. Enhancer 与 Super-enhancers 1.1. 增强子(Enhancer) 所谓增强子(Enhancer),位于结构基因附近,是一类非编码DNA顺式作用元件,在真核生物的发育过程中通过结合转录因子、辅因子以及染色质复合物作用于启动子,可以激活或增强基因的转录。简单说:增强子是能够增加启动子活性从而增加基因转录频率的DNA序列。 图1....
Super-enhancers recruit transcription complexes and form 3D structures. (A) Pioneer factors bind to closed chromatin with a high level of H3K9me2 and transform it into “primed enhancers” characterized by H3K4me1. Through the recruitment of CBP/P300, primed enhancers can get H3K27ac at nucleos...
Super-enhancers delineate disease-associated regulatory nodes in T cells. Nature. 2015;520(7548):558-62. doi:10.1038/nature14154. PubMed PMID: 25686607; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4409450.Vahedi, G., Y. Kanno, Y. Furumoto, K. Jiang, S. C. Parker, M. R. Erdos, S. R. Davis, R. ...
that super-enhancers are transcriptionally more active and cell type-specific than stretch enhancers, and importantly, most of the stretch enhancers that are distinct from super-enhancers do not show an association with cell identity genes, are less active, and more likely to be poised enhancers.do...
Super enhancers are a unique class of enhancers that possess a distinct structure and mechanism, which enable them to exhibit stronger gene transcription regulatory function than classical enhancers, thereby regulating cellular activities. In tumor sampl
The term 'super-enhancer' has been used to describe groups of putative enhancers in close genomic proximity with unusually high levels of Mediator binding, as measured by chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-seq). Here we review the identification and composition of super-enhancers, desc...
Metastasis remains the principal cause of cancer-related lethality despite advancements in cancer treatment. Dysfunctional epigenetic alterations are crucial in the metastatic cascade. Among these, super-enhancers (SEs), emerging as new epigenetic regula
Super-enhancers (SEs) consist of multiple typical enhancers enriched at high density with transcription factors, histone-modifying enzymes and cofactors. Oncogenic SEs promote tumorigenesis and malignancy by altering protein-coding gene expression and noncoding regulatory element function. Therefore, they pla...
Enhancers regulate spatiotemporal gene expression and impart cell-specific transcriptional outputs that drive cell identity1. Super-enhancers (SEs), also known as stretch-enhancers, are a subset of enhancers especially important for genes associated with cell identity and genetic risk of disease2,3,4...
an order of magnitude larger than typical enhancers in size, have higher transcription factor density, and greater ability for transcriptional activation.bEnhancers are plotted in increasing order based on ChIP-Seq peak intensity. Super-enhancers are the population above the inflection point of the ...