In the early twentieth century, the American ecologist Frederic Clements pointed out that a succession of plant communities would develop after a disturbance such as a volcanic eruption, heavy flood, or forest fire. An abandoned field, for instance, will be invaded successively by herbaceous plants...
Speciessuccessionin plant communities, i.e., the temporal sequence of appearance and disappearance of species is dependent on events occurring at different stages in the life history of a species. 植物群落里的物种演替,意思就是说,物种出现和消失的时间顺序是依赖于在一个物种的生存史中发生在不同阶段...
第一段：19世纪晚期，生态学成为一门独立的科学；同时一个新的名词“community ecology”出现
With "climax," "biome," "superorganism," and various other technical terms（介词短语，作伴随状语）
In the early twentieth century, the American ecologist Frederic Clements pointed out that a succession of plant communities would develop after a disturbance such as a volcanic eruption, heavy flood, or forest fire. An abandoned field, for instance, will be invaded successively by herbaceous plants...
10. Species succession in plant communities, i.e., the temporal sequence of appearance and disappearance of species is dependent on events occurring at different stages in the life history of a species. (Official32-P1) 植物群落里的物种演替,意思就是说,物种出现和消失的时间顺序是依赖于在一个物种...
的观点持反对意见，最后一句就指出了反对的原因，即物种的分布取决于环境，是其与环境的生态关系的结果
原句当中的with结构是非主要成分，主要成分是采用了ecosystem形容生物和环境的associated system，正确答案D。A的后半句错，eco不是单只physical factor，而是系统；B和C都错在将原句的主干和非主干混合，不选
两个过渡点，代词they和名词adaption，从名词adaption可以得出B或者C正确；代词they指的是倒数第二句中的younger ecologists，所以they应该放在名词之后，所以B错C对