Labeled diagram of plant cell. The typical characteristics that define the plant cell include cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin, plastids which play a major role in photosynthesis and storage of starch, large vacuoles responsible for regulating the cell turgor pressure. They also have a very unique...
Elongin is a heterotrimeric elongation factor for RNA polymerase (Pol) II transcription that is conserved among metazoa. Here, we report three cryo-EM structures of human Elongin bound to transcribing Pol II. The structures show that Elongin subunit ELOA
Methods to predict protein structure can be labeled into two approaches: template-based and template-free [99]. When predicting a structure of a protein amino acid sequence, if there are related structures previously determined in PDB, template-based methods can use these structures as examples to...
2.4Spin labeled DNA ‐ structure, dynamics and DNA sequence analysis The major challenge in probingDNAstructure and conformation was introducing the probe at sensitive sites (ie.,purineor pyrimidine bases) which sense local structure, global motion, DNA wobbling, etc. A selected sample of a range...
Furin cleavage of the HIV envelope glycoprotein is an essential step for cell entry that enables formation of well-folded, native-like glycosylated trimers, releases constraints on the fusion peptide, and limits enzymatic processing of the N-glycan shield. Here, we show that a cleavage-independent...
required for the final function of the protein (now a glycoprotein, protein + carbohydrate chain = glycoprotein) or they may serve as address labels.Once sorted, the proteins are packaged into different types of vesicles which are labeled so that the cell knows what to do with them. These ...
- Cell 被引量: 3057发表: 2000年 Species richness and geographical variation in assemblage structure of the freshwater fish fauna of the wet tropics region of northern Queensland A field survey of the freshwater piscifauna of the Wet Tropics region of northern Queensland was undertaken in August, ...
With the advancement of sequencing technologies and bioinformatics, over than 170 different RNA modifications have been identified. However, only a few of these modifications can lead to base pair changes, which are called RNA editing. RNA editing is a u
Self-templating assemblies of the human prion protein are clinically associated with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Here we present the cryo-EM structure of a denaturant- and protease-resistant fibril formed in vitro spontaneously by a 9.7-kD
Contractile injection systems (CISs) are phage tail-like nanomachines, mediating bacterial cell–cell interactions as either type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) or extracellular CISs (eCISs). Bioinformatic studies uncovered a phylogenetic group of hundreds of putative CIS gene clusters that are highly di...