按照损伤节段分为:I型(枕寰关节)、II型(C1环和C1-2关节)、III型(C2和C2-3关节)。 按照稳定性分为亚型:A(单纯骨折-稳定损伤)、B(韧带断裂或张力带损伤-潜在不稳定)、C(移位-不稳定)。 因此各型分别为: (IA)单纯枕骨髁骨折,(IB)无移位的颅颈韧带...
小关节退行性改变 小关节是真正的滑膜关节,存在于除 C1-C2 之外的每个脊柱水平。尽管小关节骨关节炎可能独立发生并且本身就是症状的根源,但它通常代表与椎间盘退变和椎间盘间隙高度损失相关的继发过程。小关节骨关节炎导致小关节压力增加,导致颅尾半脱位、关节病...
The cervical spine is approached in two separate anatomic and functional regions: the craniocervical junction (occiput, C1 and C2) and the subaxial spine (C3 to C7). Injury to the craniocervical junction or cervical spine trauma is usually indirect, related to forces transmitted through the ...
Based on the structural diversity in the cervical spine, it can be divided into two parts: upper and lower cervical spine.Upper cervical spineThe upper cervical spine comprises of the atlas (C1) and axis (C2), which are different from rest of the cervical vertebrae. The atlas vertebra ...
AO Spine上颈椎损伤分类系统(Upper Cervical Classification System,UCCS)提出时间并不长,用于对涉及枕髁(occipital condyles)、寰椎(atlas (C1))或和枢椎(axis (C2))的创伤性骨和韧带损伤进行分类。AO Spine上颈椎分类系统相对较新,由美国的宾夕法尼亚州费城托马斯杰斐逊大学罗斯曼骨科研究所(Rothman Orthopaedic Insti...
Fractures of C1 and C2 in an infant gazelle. J Pediatr Orthop 1993;13:572–576. PubMed CAS Google Scholar Plant HF. Fracture of the atlas or development abnormality? Radiology 1937;29:227–229. Google Scholar Richards PG. Stable fractures of the atlas and axis in children. J Neurol ...
Although the timing of ossification varies according to level, all vertebrae, except C1 and C2, ossify in this manner. (D) Thoracic vertebra at birth with lack of complete fusion of the posterior arch and residual cartilage between the arches and centrum at the neurocentral joints. (E, F)...
•Theatlas-epistropheus(C1-C2)performsmainlymovementofaxialrotation•而寰枢关节主要的活动是轴向的旋转 •Thejointsbetweenthecervicalspineso-called"typical"(C3-C7)performrotationalmovementswithipsilateralinclination,asinthesecondFryettelaw •而“典型”的颈3-颈7之间的关节则是旋转和侧屈的方向相同，和第2...
the spinal column consists of seven bones called vertebrae. The first vertebra, called C1 or atlas, can be found at the base of your skull and is responsible for holding your head upright. The second vertebra, C2 (axis), allows C1 to pivot against it so you can move your head side-to...
AO Spine上颈椎损伤分类系统(Upper Cervical Classification System,UCCS)提出时间并不长,用于对涉及枕髁(occipital condyles)、寰椎(atlas (C1))或和枢椎(axis (C2))的创伤性骨和韧带损伤进行分类。AO Spine上颈椎分类系统相对较新,由美国的宾夕法尼亚...