We focus on the analysis of imaging criteria, design variables (including spinal levels, anatomical landmarks and guiding tools), manufacturing technology, 3D-printing technology and validation studies (ex vivoand in vivo). We also discuss the clinical and economic benefits of PSSGs and provide ...
The location of the inferior angle of the scapula in relation to the spine in the upright position: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis Practitioners in several of the health care professions use anatomical landmarks to identify spinal levels, both in order to enhance diagnost...
Q 6.9: Discuss why the extent of loading would increase from the upper level to the bottom level in a bone–screw–rod construct with more than two levels of vertebrae. What is the possible failure caused by this increased loading condition? How might such a failure be reduced in a bone–...
The confidence interval (CI) of the risk difference (RD) will be estimated via Wald’s method. The Mantel–Haenszel method will be used to estimate the pooled RD among the different levels of anesthesiologists. The relative risk (RR) and confidence interval (CI) of the two groups will be...
However, in a subset of animals, we used laser power levels far above threshold, leading to current spread that should have recruited many more interneurons, as evidenced by the resulting visible movement of the contralateral hindlimb. Notably, the number and force patterns of the extracted BFFs ...
in TL DRG-lesioned animals the number of activated dorsal horn neurons was reduced specifically in the T13-L1 spinal levels and unchanged in the LS spinal regions. These results further confirmed the selectivity of the DRG lesioning technique, as the sensory signalling from non-lesioned DRG pathw...
At low scTS intensity levels (20–37 mA) at T11, P21 reported feeling a “burning”, needle prick-like sensation at the site of stimulation. Removal of the stimulation immediately resolved the participant’s report of painful stimulation. The experiment was terminated, and P21 was excluded ...
Varying levels of communication were observed within and between the main clusters (CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, and granulocytes; Additional file 1: Fig. S7C). Subsequent analysis of communication patterns [33] did not uncover evidence of different immune cell types signalling together; ...
and whose components are large at lumbar levels, but virtually miniscule at cervical levels. Further laterally runs theiliocostalissystem, which attaches to transverse processes near their tips, and whose components are, likewise, large at lumbar levels but miniscule at cervical levels. A semispin...
Galanthamine and other acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) inhibitors alleviate the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease by inhibiting the activity of AChE and hence maintaining or elevating the levels of acetylcholine in the brain [276]. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of various ring types from Crinum moorei Hook...