While significant advances have been made in predicting static protein structures, the inherent dynamics of proteins, modulated by ligands, are crucial for understanding protein function and facilitating drug discovery. Traditional docking methods, frequently used in studying protein-ligand interactions, typic...
Most studies have focused on the metabolic potential of archaea based on analysis of proteins with known functions and revealed roles in the carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and sulfur biogeochemical cycles. For example, Euryarchaeota includes many methanogens and non-methanogens, including heterotrophs and s...
2a).5 In human proteome, 3328 proteins were predicted having an N-terminal signal peptide that dictates their entrance into the secretory pathway.5 From this group, 1218 are secreted proteins, and 1607 are cell membrane proteins.5 Contrary to the secretory pathway components, most of these ...
The controlled regulation of protein turnover can essentially maintain stable cell structure and function. Approximately 30% of proteins that are newly synthesized in mammalian cells have a short half-life of less than 10 min, and must be rapidly degraded [25]. To achieve such high protein turn...
The most studied of such adaptor proteins are members of the arrestin family (2., 3.4), and it is clear despite being named originally for their capacity to “arrest” and, therefore, block G protein-mediated signaling that they can regulate positively many cellular functions in a GPCR-...
To date, there are a limited number of mouse models that have been used to target proteins in specific compartments of the IVD to explore their functions in disc development, homeostasis and disease. Furthermore, the majority of reports exploring the composition and function of the outer ...
Three were not found to be specific to the heart, but as they have a function related to contractile proteins (myosin regulation or similarity with a protein binding actin), their expression in the heart is not surprising. Three others were not found to be heart-specific in any of these ...
However, high-throughput discovery tools are currently lacking to illustrate how phosphorylated proteins are degraded by proteostasis and proteolysis pathways. In the last decade, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has greatly facilitated the analysis of proteins and their PTMs (Aebersold and Mann,...
Protein Disulphide Isomerase (PDI) (EC: 5.3.4.1) is a multifunctional member of the thioredoxin superfamily of redox proteins, characterized by the presence of the βαβαβαββα fold31. PDIs typically have three catalytic activities; disulphide isomerase, thiol-disulphide oxidoreductase, and ...
16. Intracellular mutated KRAS proteins can be processed and presented by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC, or the human leukocyte antigen [HLA]) as a “non-self” neoantigen, and subsequently be recognized by specific TCRs to elicit T cell immune responses17. T cells specific for ...