Generation of an SMDCF cell model system. (A) Schematic overview of an SMDCF model system using iPSCs with SMDCF-causing FN mutations. iPSCs were cultured and differentiated into MSCs and then into chondrocytes. The two FN mutations analyzed in this study are p.C123R, affecting the FNI-...
Subsequently, we found that transient expression of NANOG using a Dox-inducible system could restore the myogenic differentiation potential of skeletal myoblasts31. NANOG expression reversed the aged phenotype of senescent human myoblasts, as seen by enhanced cellular proliferation, heterochromatin ...
The tissue-resident skeletal stem cells (SSCs), which are self-renewal and multipotent, continuously provide cells (including chondrocytes, bone cells, marrow adipocytes, and stromal cells) for the development and homeostasis of the skeletal system. In recent decade, utilizing fluorescence-activated cel...
The circadian system consists of a central pacemaker the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), located in the anterior hypothalamus of the brain, and peripheral oscillators, present in peripheral tissues such as the liver12. The SCN clock synchronizes peripheral clocks by neuronal and hormonal signals to en...
The mouse-derived C2C12 muscle cell line is commonly used as a model system for investigating skeletal muscle. C2C12 myoblasts are differentiated to the myotubes to adjust them more “skeletal muscle like.” Clearly C2C12 myotubes, being an in vitro system, have a number of limitations as a bio...
(for instance, most endurant muscles participate in posture or the respiratory system, while the strongest muscles participate in locomotion or prehension). However, the reported methods generally focus on muscle function without drawing a sufficient distinction between muscular strength, muscle fatigue ...
reporters directly driven by promoters of transgenes are widely used in combination withCre-loxPtechnology, such as Col1(2.3 kb)-GFP.52Dre-roxsystem is compatible withCre-loxPsystem, and orthogonal recombinase system is developed that facilitates the label of intersect or subtractive parts of ...
Multiple studies have implicated autophagy in the development and maintenance of the skeletal system. From the very early stages of development, autophagy plays essential roles in the differentiation, transformation and functional activity of key skeletal cells, such as osteoblasts (bone secreting cells)...
In addition, recombinant protein-FSTL1 (rFSTL1) increased the TG concentration in primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells treated with PA, but not the basal levels (Supplementary Fig.6b, c). Since FSTL1 was downregulated in F4MKO mice, we added rFSTL1 into the co-culture system. In the pri...
The ultrastructurc of striated muscle has been re- viewed [118] and will not be discussed here except to point out that arguments relating to the limits of the extracellular volume in muscle [127, 129, 130] should take into account the sarcotubular system [69]. Flistological Approaches ...