Short-term respiratory effects of e-cigarettes in healthy individuals and smokers with asthma. Respirology. 2018;23(3):291-297. doi:10.1111/resp.13180Lappas AS, Tzortzi AS, Konstantinidi EM, et al. Short-term respiratory effects of e-cigarettes in healthy individuals and smokers with asthma....
Short-term Pulmonary Effects of Using an Electronic Cigarette Impact on Respiratory Flow Resistance, Impedance, and Exhaled Nitric Oxide e-Cigarettes assessed in the context of this study were found to have immediate adverse physiologic effects after short-term use that are similar to some o... Va...
Discussion: Short-term use of IQOSTM has a minimal impact on eCO, is equally effective in reducing cigarette craving and withdrawal symptoms as an e-cigarette, and is slightly preferred. 展开 关键词: electronic cigarettes heat-not-burn tobacco products tobacco harm reduction DOI: 10.3390/...
题目Over the past several years,e-cigarettes have entered the marketplace and become very popular.Many smokers turn to them,believing that they are a safe alternative to smoking tobacco cigarettes,but are they?Unfortunately,they're not:E-cigarettes are just another way of putti...
term cardiovascular effects in smokers who quit smoking using e-cigarettes with or without nicotine or prescription nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). This was a single-centre (Sheffield, UK) pragmatic three-arm randomised controlled trial which recruited adult smokers (≥10 cigarettes per day), ...
disapproval, not enjoying the taste, being a turnoff to others, and developing headaches—had lower intentions to use tobacco products and were less likely to use them six months later, as compared to those who strongly foresee long-term effects such as developing wrinkles, cancer, and ...
E-cigarettes & Coffee: Directed by George Moore-Chadwick. With Mick Frangou, Michele Introna, Jack Jordan, Rebecca Radcliffe.
vital dye release method for assessing the short-term cytotoxic effects of chemicals and formulations [1989] (1989). A vital dye release method for assessing the short-term cytotoxic effects of chemicals and formulations. Alternatives to Laboratory Animals (ATLA),... SJ Reader,V Blackwell,R O'...
The primary aim of this experimental investigation was to examine the effects of short-term dietary restriction on caloric consumption in eating disordered... CF Telch,SW Agras - 《Appetite》 被引量: 90发表: 1996年 The effect of food deprivation on the reinforcing value of food and smoking in...
cigarettes to cause damage; it can start with the first cigarette. Joanne: There are many short-term health effects of smoking. A major consequence is decreased lung function. This often leads to shortness of breath, constant cough and tiring easily during exercise. Smoking also reduces the abi...